3D Bioprinting

3D Bioprinting - Seminar Topics

Three dimensional bioprinting is the utilization of 3D printing–like techniques to combine cells, growth factors, and biomaterials to fabricate biomedical parts that maximally imitate natural tissue characteristics. 

Generally, 3D bioprinting utilizes the layer-by-layer method to deposit materials known as bioinks to create tissue-like structures that are later used in medical and tissue engineering fields. Bioprinting covers a broad range of biomaterials.

Currently, bioprinting can be used to print tissues and organs to help research drugs and pills. However, emerging innovations span from bioprinting of cells or extracellular matrix deposited into a 3D gel layer by layer to produce the desired tissue or organ. In addition, 3D bioprinting has begun to incorporate the printing of scaffolds.These scaffolds can be used to regenerate joints and ligaments.

 Wikipedia

Abstract

3D bioprinting is emerging as a promising technology for fabricating complex tissue constructs with tailored biological components and mechanical properties. Recent advances have enabled scientists to precisely position materials and cells to build functional tissue models for in vitro drug screening and disease modeling.

 This review presents state-of-the-art 3D bioprinting techniques and discusses the choice of cell source and biomaterials for building functional tissue models that can be used for personalized drug screening and disease modeling. In particular, we focus on 3D-bioprinted liver models, cardiac tissues, vascularized constructs, and cancer models for their promising applications in medical research, drug discovery, toxicology, and other pre-clinical studies.

Graphical abstract

Schematic diagram showing the use of 3D bioprinting to build in vitro constructs that can be used for drug testing and disease modeling.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0169409X18301509

What Is 3D Bioprinting?

Bioprinting is an additive manufacturing process where biomaterials such as cells and growth factors are combined to create tissue-like structures that imitate natural tissues.

The technology uses a material known as bioink to create these structures in a layer-by-layer manner. The technique is widely applicable to the fields of medicine and bioengineering. Recently, the technology has even made advancements in the production of cartilage tissue for use in reconstruction and regeneration.

Pre-bioprinting involves creating the digital model that the printer will produce. The technologies used are computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans.

Bioprinting is the actual printing process, where bioink is placed in a printer cartridge and deposition takes place based on the digital model.

Post-bioprinting is the mechanical and chemical stimulation of printed parts so as to create stable structures for the biological material.

https://all3dp.com/2/what-is-3d-bioprinting-simply-explained/

5G technology

5G technology ABSTRACT

5G technologies will change the way most high-bandwidth users accesstheir phones. With 5G pushed over a VOIP-enabled device, people willexperience a level of call volume and data transmission never experienced before.5G technology is offering the services in Product Engineering,Documentation, supporting electronic transactions (e-Payments, e-transactions)etc.

As the customer becomes more and more aware of the mobile phonetechnology, he or she will look for a decent package all together, including allthe advanced features a cellular phone can have.

Hence the search for newtechnology is always the main motive of the leading cell phone giants to outinnovate their competitors. Recently apple has produced shivers all around theelectronic world by launching its new handset, the I-phone. Features that aregetting embedded in such a small piece of electronics are huge.

What is 5G?

5G networks are the next generation of mobile internet connectivity, offering faster speeds and more reliable connections on smartphones and other devices than ever before.

Combining cutting-edge network technology and the latest high-specced devices, 5G should offer connections that are multitudes faster than current hookups, with average download speeds of around 1GBps expected to soon be the norm.

The networks are expected to supercharge Internet of Things technology, providing the infrastructure needed to carry huge amounts of data that allows for a smarter and more connected world.

5G networks are already starting to appear and are expected to launch across the world by 2020, working alongside existing 3G and 4G technology to provide speedier connections that stay online no matter where you are.

https://www.techradar.com/in/news/what-is-5g-everything-you-need-to-know

5G is a unified platform that is more capable than 4G

While 4G LTE focused on delivering much faster mobile broadband services than 3G, 5G is designed to be a unified, more capable platform that will not only elevate mobile broadband experiences, but also support new services such as mission-critical communications and the massive IoT. 

5G will also natively support all spectrum types (licensed, shared, unlicensed) and bands (low, mid, high), a wide range of deployment models (from traditional macro-cells to hotspots), as well as new ways to interconnect (such as device-to-device and multi-hop mesh).

 What is 5G?

5G is the 5th generation mobile network. It will take a much larger role than previous generations.

5G will elevate the mobile network to not only interconnect people, but also interconnect and control machines, objects, and devices. It will deliver new levels of performance and efficiency that will empower new user experiences and connect new industries. 5G will deliver multi-Gbps peak rates, ultra-low latency, massive capacity, and more uniform user experience. For the latest information on 5G, you should visit our 5G website.

What are the other generations of mobile networks?

The other mobile network generations are 1G, 2G, 3G, and 4G.

1G delivered analog voice.

2G introduced digital voice (e.g., CDMA). 

3G brought mobile data (e.g., CDMA2000). 

4G LTE ushered in the era of mobile Internet.

https://www.qualcomm.com/invention/5g/what-is-5g

REPORT 5G TECNOLOGY

Internet of Things (IoT)

Internet of Things (IoT) 

The Internet of Things is a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and digital machines, objects, animals or people that are provided with unique identifiers and the ability to transfer data over a network without requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction. Wikipedia

History of IoT 

Some sources say that the connected device’s technology dates as far back as 1832 when the electromagnetic telegraph was first built. Of course, it was not IoT proper. But it was the first case of devices connected via a network and a true quantum leap of the time. However, we are more interested in much more recent events.

The world heard the name “Internet of Things” for the first time in 1999 when Kevin Ashton, co-founder of Auto-ID Labs, used it to describe a network which could connect physical devices to the Internet. The new name described the innovational idea of connecting the RFID (Radio-frequency identification) technology to the Internet. RFID, which allows tracking physical objects with special tags attached to them, had been around for quite some time by 1999. However, the idea of exchanging the data stored in the tags via the Internet was first aired only then.

Since the turn of the century, the Internet of Things is getting bigger with each passing year. It has penetrated most of the areas of human life. For example, retail commerce, healthcare, banking and finance, education, home management, and many more. The research by Cisco Internet Business Solutions Group found that in 2008 there were more things connected to the Internet than people.

Source : https://adoriasoft.com/blog/history-of-iot-universe/