tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-43686948358218187322024-03-22T14:48:36.438+05:30 Latest Seminar Topics | Project Topics Latest Seminar Topics for computer science and Computer Technology. Get here new seminar topic for computer science and new technologies with Ppt and report download. Seminar Topics is base of the latest technology newsUnknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger160125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4368694835821818732.post-5139347268327726382023-12-31T19:24:00.005+05:302023-12-31T20:31:21.420+05:30HTMX Technology<h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> HTMX Abstract:</span></h3><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><span style="font-family: verdana;">HTMX is a technology that powers HTML to create advanced web applications. With minimal weight and free of dependencies, HTMX allows you to update the information on the page without the need to refresh it, achieving modern and uncomplicated interfaces. Its installation is simple through a CDN or by downloading the HTMX package from unpkg. Additionally, HTMX offers methods to interact with the server using AJAX requests, attributes to specify request details, and the ability to integrate animations and loading spinners.</span><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqtGYz1esWQK1UlhaO_4loP0sfKlH1d1eA5cVT1_Yb4wUuQ-bThxkZoaDSQ73wmWq2zNO7GJeU7yp88l36T4_N1R9rpOVJ7djYOhvSGdWjXnNaCNOLOZFZyFxgIOKBsxMqYCILMyLH-2O8Ac8YlUiRFTxvEznRhD3-h_yaXrF-RgRth4l6-B3mIFh83iuv/s800/HTMX.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="445" data-original-width="800" height="357" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqtGYz1esWQK1UlhaO_4loP0sfKlH1d1eA5cVT1_Yb4wUuQ-bThxkZoaDSQ73wmWq2zNO7GJeU7yp88l36T4_N1R9rpOVJ7djYOhvSGdWjXnNaCNOLOZFZyFxgIOKBsxMqYCILMyLH-2O8Ac8YlUiRFTxvEznRhD3-h_yaXrF-RgRth4l6-B3mIFh83iuv/w640-h357/HTMX.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">What is HTMX?</span></h3><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br />HTMX is a technology that powers HTML to create advanced web applications. Through its main features and advantages, HTMX allows you to improve the expressive capacity of HTML and provides an easier way to develop dynamic and efficient websites, saving a lot of code in JavaScript or TypeScript, especially for repetitive tasks such as service calls. REST.<br /><br />It is a framework that already has a history but was recently accepted in the GitHub Open Source Accelerator, which has made it more popular and began to be used more as it is supported by GitHub.</span><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span><h4 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">HTMX Main Features</span></h4></div><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Minimum weight.</b> HTMX is a lightweight technology that helps significantly reduce the weight of web applications.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /><b>Without dependencies.</b> It does not require other libraries or frameworks to function, simplifying development and avoiding overload.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /><b>Dynamic update .</b> It allows you to update the information on the page without having to refresh it, providing a more fluid user experience. Applying AJAX without the need for more specific code.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Benefits of using HTMX in web development</span></h3><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br />Integrating HTMX into web development offers multiple advantages for software developers.</span><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Simplicity and speed </b>. HTMX simplifies the development process by utilizing the potential of HTML and reducing dependency on external libraries.</span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Load optimization.</b> By updating the information on the page without having to reload it, HTMX reduces the load on the servers and improves response speed.</span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>CSS support.</b> HTMX makes it easy to integrate loading animations and spinners, improving the user's visual experience. In addition, you can continue using your style sheets in the same way as you did until now.</span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Extensive documentation.</b> HTMX has detailed official documentation that allows developers to understand and use its features effectively.</span></li></ul><div><h2 id="introduction" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; line-height: 1em; margin: 0px 0px 0.65em; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">htmx in a Nutshell</span></h2><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.5em 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">htmx is a library that allows you to access modern browser features directly from HTML, rather than using javascript.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.5em 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">To understand htmx, first lets take a look at an anchor tag:</span></p><pre class="language-html " data-lang="html" style="background-color: #1f2329; border-radius: 0.25rem; box-sizing: border-box; color: #abb2bf; font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.3; margin-bottom: 0.5rem; margin-top: 0.5rem; overflow: auto; padding: 0.5rem;"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0.9em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #e06c75; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">a </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #d19a66; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">href</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">=</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #98c379; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">"/blog"</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">>Blog</</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #e06c75; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">a</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">>
</span></span></code></pre><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.5em 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">This anchor tag tells a browser:</span></p><blockquote style="background-color: white; border-left: 4px solid whitesmoke; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-size: 16px; margin: 1em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0.5em;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0.5em 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">“When a user clicks on this link, issue an HTTP GET request to ‘/blog’ and load the response content into the browser window”.</span></p></blockquote><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.5em 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">With that in mind, consider the following bit of HTML:</span></p><pre class="language-html " data-lang="html" style="background-color: #1f2329; border-radius: 0.25rem; box-sizing: border-box; color: #abb2bf; font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.3; margin-bottom: 0.5rem; margin-top: 0.5rem; overflow: auto; padding: 0.5rem;"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0.9em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #e06c75; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">button </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #d19a66; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">hx-post</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">=</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #98c379; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">"/clicked"
</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #d19a66; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">hx-trigger</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">=</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #98c379; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">"click"
</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #d19a66; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">hx-target</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">=</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #98c379; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">"#parent-div"
</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #d19a66; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">hx-swap</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">=</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #98c379; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">"outerHTML"
</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">>
</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"> Click Me!
</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"></</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #e06c75; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">button</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">>
</span></span></code></pre><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.5em 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">This tells htmx:</span></p><blockquote style="background-color: white; border-left: 4px solid whitesmoke; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-size: 16px; margin: 1em; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0.5em;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0.5em 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">“When a user clicks on this button, issue an HTTP POST request to ‘/clicked’ and use the content from the response to replace the element with the id <code style="background: rgba(52, 101, 164, 0.12); border-radius: 2px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0.9em; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 5px;">parent-div</code> in the DOM”</span></p></blockquote><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.5em 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">htmx extends and generalizes the core idea of HTML as a hypertext, opening up many more possibilities directly within the language:</span></p><ul style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-size: 16px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 12px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 1em;"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 4px;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Now any element, not just anchors and forms, can issue an HTTP request</span></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 4px;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Now any event, not just clicks or form submissions, can trigger requests</span></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 4px;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Now any <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_Verbs" rel="noopener" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">HTTP verb</a>, not just <code style="background: rgba(52, 101, 164, 0.12); border-radius: 2px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0.9em; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 5px;">GET</code> and <code style="background: rgba(52, 101, 164, 0.12); border-radius: 2px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0.9em; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 5px;">POST</code>, can be used</span></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 4px;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Now any element, not just the entire window, can be the target for update by the request</span></li></ul><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.5em 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Note that when you are using htmx, on the server side you typically respond with <em style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">HTML</em>, not <em style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">JSON</em>. This keeps you firmly within the <a href="https://www.ics.uci.edu/~fielding/pubs/dissertation/rest_arch_style.htm" rel="noopener" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">original web programming model</a>, using <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HATEOAS" rel="noopener" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank">Hypertext As The Engine Of Application State</a> without even needing to really understand that concept.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.5em 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">It’s worth mentioning that, if you prefer, you can use the <a href="https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/dom.html#attr-data-*" rel="noopener" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;" target="_blank"><code style="background: rgba(52, 101, 164, 0.12); border-radius: 2px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0.9em; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 5px;">data-</code></a> prefix when using htmx:</span></p><pre class="language-html " data-lang="html" style="background-color: #1f2329; border-radius: 0.25rem; box-sizing: border-box; color: #abb2bf; font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 1.3; margin-bottom: 0.5rem; margin-top: 0.5rem; overflow: auto; padding: 0.5rem;"><code class="language-html" data-lang="html" style="box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0.9em; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #e06c75; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">a </span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #d19a66; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">data-hx-post</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">=</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #98c379; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">"/click"</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">>Click Me!</</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #e06c75; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">a</span><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">>
</span></span></code></pre><h2 id="installing" style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; line-height: 1em; margin: 42px 0px 0.65em; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a aria-label="Anchor link for: installing" class="zola-anchor" href="https://htmx.org/docs/#installing" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0.3rem 0px -1.3rem; opacity: 0.4; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">#</a>Installing</span></h2><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.5em 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Htmx is a dependency-free, browser-oriented javascript library. This means that using it is as simple as adding a <code style="background: rgba(52, 101, 164, 0.12); border-radius: 2px; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0.9em; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 5px;"><script></code> tag to your document head. No need for complicated build steps or systems.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.5em 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">If you are migrating to htmx from intercooler.js, please see the <a href="https://htmx.org/migration-guide/" style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none;">migration guide</a>.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; color: #111111; font-size: 16px; margin: 0.5em 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white; box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0.5em 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="color: #111111; font-family: verdana; font-size: 16px;">Reference : </span><span style="background-color: transparent;"><span style="color: #111111; font-family: verdana;">https://htmx.org/docs/#introduction</span></span></p></div></div></div></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4368694835821818732.post-69769761306823065102023-10-03T22:06:00.002+05:302023-10-03T22:06:40.907+05:30Screen Scraping<h3 style="text-align: left;">What is Screen Scraping?</h3><p>screen scraping is the process of extracting data from a graphical user interface (GUI) using a computer program. This can be done by identifying and capturing the elements of the GUI that contain the desired data, such as text, images, and buttons.</p><p>Screen scraping can be used for a variety of purposes, such as:</p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Collecting data from legacy applications. Some legacy applications do not have APIs that can be used to extract data. Screen scraping can be used to extract data from these applications by capturing the data that is displayed on the screen.</li><li>Completing tasks that are difficult or impossible to do manually. For example, screen scraping can be used to automate the process of filling out forms or submitting data to websites.</li><li>Creating new applications or services. Screen scraping can be used to extract data from existing applications and websites to create new applications or services.</li></ul><h3 style="text-align: left;">How Does it Work?</h3><p></p><p>Screen scraping works by first identifying the elements of the GUI that contain the desired data. This can be done by using a variety of techniques, such as:</p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Inspecting the HTML source code of the GUI. The HTML source code will contain information about the structure of the GUI and the elements that it contains.</li><li>Using a screen scraping library. Screen scraping libraries provide tools that can be used to identify and capture elements of a GUI.</li></ul><p></p><p>Once the desired elements of the GUI have been identified, they can be captured and extracted. This can be done by using a variety of techniques, such as:</p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Taking screenshots of the GUI elements. The screenshots can then be processed to extract the desired data.</li><li>Using a screen scraping library to capture the data directly from the GUI. Screen scraping libraries can typically capture text, images, and buttons from a GUI.</li></ul><p></p><p>The extracted data can then be stored in a database or used in a new application or service.</p><p>Screen scraping is a powerful tool that can be used to extract data from a variety of sources. However, it is important to be aware of the legal and ethical implications of screen scraping. It is important to obtain permission from the owners of the GUI before scraping their data. Additionally, it is important to be careful not to overload the GUI with requests, as this can cause performance problems.</p><p><br /></p><h3 style="text-align: left;">Is screen scraping legal?</h3><p>Under PSD2 — the EU law designed to increase competition in the payments industry — screen scraping is still legal as long as certain security steps are followed, including identification of the TPP to the bank it is accessing. However, most banks have moved to providing APIs to enable access to account data and payments, so screen scraping is not necessary.</p><p>There has been plenty of debate on whether screen scraping should be banned entirely. In the UK, most banks provide APIs for access, and some banks that have supported screen scraping have now been required to transition to APIs. In Europe, the European Banking Authority (EBA) has advocated to end the practice, but industry consultations are still ongoing.</p><p><br /></p><h3 style="text-align: left;">What’s the difference between open banking and screen scraping?</h3><p>Open banking is a way of giving regulated companies secure, limited access to your bank account, with that customer’s permission. Previously, that information would only have been accessible by banks. Open banking has led to several examples of new and innovative services that help consumers and businesses make the most of their finances. Open banking can also include payment initiation, where TPPs make payments on behalf of their customers with their consent.</p><p>Screen scraping is effectively one way to power open banking. While other technologies are becoming more and more common, screen scraping is still accepted under PSD2 when more modern and secure API technology isn’t available or working.</p><p><br /></p><p>More reference:</p><p><a href="https://truelayer.com/blog/product/what-is-screen-scraping/">https://truelayer.com/blog/product/what-is-screen-scraping/</a></p><p><a href="https://research.aimultiple.com/web-scraping-vs-screen-scraping/">https://research.aimultiple.com/web-scraping-vs-screen-scraping/</a></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4368694835821818732.post-24292721594757171942023-10-02T12:10:00.002+05:302023-10-02T12:10:46.928+05:30Renewable Energy<h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> What is Renewable Energy?</span></h3><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">Renewable energy uses energy sources that are continually replenished by nature—the sun, the wind, water, the Earth’s heat, and plants. Renewable energy technologies turn these fuels into usable forms of energy—most often electricity, but also heat, chemicals, or mechanical power.</span></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-I8Pq8-BkcDYTVe09JLNKJ7ihiRgFdD0w94Js4dUsnmqgcKqqqHLXlpXbgSU4b8LnRrAVkuONGqOVFEaZ1BHVCwh3BhmnbHHijX2eQvPH5BxgVkh8dJKInecFEerfqmm-RsSOwWpsWHuJUDHg-4KhyphenhyphenE39YTUFNVV2_mPjT5eHpgFwoyu5FWsYbbnEslnQ/s800/Renewable%20Energy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Renewable Energy, seminar topic" border="0" data-original-height="445" data-original-width="800" height="356" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-I8Pq8-BkcDYTVe09JLNKJ7ihiRgFdD0w94Js4dUsnmqgcKqqqHLXlpXbgSU4b8LnRrAVkuONGqOVFEaZ1BHVCwh3BhmnbHHijX2eQvPH5BxgVkh8dJKInecFEerfqmm-RsSOwWpsWHuJUDHg-4KhyphenhyphenE39YTUFNVV2_mPjT5eHpgFwoyu5FWsYbbnEslnQ/w640-h356/Renewable%20Energy.jpg" title="Renewable Energy" width="640" /></a></div><br /><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span><p></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">Renewable energy refers to energy derived from naturally occurring and replenishable sources that are not depleted when used for electricity generation or other energy purposes. These sources of energy are considered sustainable because they are continuously available and do not contribute significantly to the depletion of finite resources or the emission of greenhouse gases. Renewable energy sources are often contrasted with non-renewable sources, such as fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas), which are finite and produce harmful emissions when burned for energy.</span></p><p><b><span style="font-family: verdana;">Some common renewable energy sources include:</span></b></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Solar Energy: </b>Solar energy is harnessed from sunlight using photovoltaic cells (solar panels) to convert sunlight directly into electricity. It can also be used for heating water or spaces through solar thermal systems.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Wind Energy:</b> Wind turbines capture the kinetic energy of the wind and convert it into electricity. Wind power is a rapidly growing source of renewable energy.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Hydropower (Hydroelectric Energy):</b> Hydropower is generated by the movement of water, often in dams or flowing rivers. Turbines are used to convert the energy of moving water into electricity.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Biomass Energy:</b> Biomass energy is derived from organic materials, such as wood, agricultural residues, and waste, which can be burned directly for heat or converted into biofuels like bioethanol and biodiesel.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Geothermal Energy:</b> Geothermal energy harnesses the heat from within the Earth's crust to generate electricity or provide direct heating and cooling for buildings.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">Tidal and Wave Energy: These forms of energy capture the kinetic energy of ocean tides and waves to generate electricity. They are less commonly used than other renewable sources due to technical and environmental challenges.</span></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Advantages of Renewable Energy:</span></h3><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">Renewable energy sources offer several advantages and disadvantages, which vary depending on the specific source and the context of their use. Here are some of the key advantages and disadvantages of renewable energy:</span></p><p><b><span style="font-family: verdana;">Environmentally Friendly:</span></b></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">R<b>educed Greenhouse Gas Emissions:</b> Most renewable energy sources produce little to no greenhouse gas emissions during electricity generation, helping combat climate change.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Reduced Air and Water Pollution:</b> Unlike fossil fuels, renewables do not release harmful pollutants into the atmosphere or waterways, improving air and water quality.</span></p><p><b><span style="font-family: verdana;">Sustainability:</span></b></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Inexhaustible: </b>Renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, and hydropower, are virtually inexhaustible and can be harnessed for the long term.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">Reduced Resource Depletion: Using renewables reduces the strain on finite fossil fuel resources.</span></p><p><b><span style="font-family: verdana;">Energy Security:</span></b></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Diversification:</b> Relying on diverse renewable sources can enhance energy security by reducing dependence on imported fossil fuels.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Job Creation: </b>The renewable energy sector often creates jobs in manufacturing, installation, maintenance, and research and development.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Decentralization:</b> Many renewable energy systems can be deployed at a local level, reducing the need for centralized power generation and transmission.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Innovation:</b> Research and development in renewable energy technologies drive innovation and economic growth.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Low Operating Costs:</b> Once installed, many renewable energy systems have lower operating and maintenance costs compared to fossil fuel-based power plants.</span></p><p><b><span style="font-family: verdana;">Disadvantages of Renewable Energy:</span></b></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Intermittency and Variability:</b>Weather-Dependent: Solar and wind energy generation is weather-dependent and intermittent, which can pose challenges for grid reliability.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Energy Storage Costs:</b> Need for Energy Storage: To address intermittency, energy storage systems like batteries are often required, which can be expensive.</span></p><p><b><span style="font-family: verdana;">Land and Resource Requirements:</span></b></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Large Land Footprint:</b> Some renewable energy technologies, such as solar and wind farms, require significant land or space.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Resource Limitations:</b> The availability of certain renewable resources like geothermal and hydropower may be limited by geographical location.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>High Initial Costs:</b> The upfront costs of renewable energy systems, such as solar panels or wind turbines, can be relatively high, although they have been decreasing over time.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></p><p><b><span style="font-family: verdana;">Environmental Impact:</span></b></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Ecological Impact:</b> Some renewable energy projects can have environmental impacts, such as habitat disruption for hydropower dams or bird and bat collisions with wind turbines.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Resource Extraction: </b>The production of renewable energy technologies may require the extraction of raw materials, which can have environmental consequences.</span></p><p><b><span style="font-family: verdana;">Energy Transmission:</span></b></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Grid Upgrades: </b>Integrating renewable energy into existing grids may require significant infrastructure upgrades and investments.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Energy Density:</b>Lower Energy Density: Some renewable energy sources, like biomass, have lower energy density compared to fossil fuels.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Aesthetic and Land Use Conflicts: </b>Opposition from local communities due to concerns about the visual impact of renewable energy installations or land use conflicts can hinder their deployment.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Technological Challenges: </b>Ongoing research is needed to improve the efficiency and scalability of some renewable technologies.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">It's important to note that the advantages and disadvantages of renewable energy can vary depending on factors such as location, scale, and technological advancements. Many of the disadvantages are being addressed through ongoing research and development, making renewable energy a crucial part of the transition to a more sustainable and low-carbon energy future.</span></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Here are some of the benefits of renewable energy:</span></h3><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">Renewable energy sources are sustainable. They can be used over and over again without running out.</span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">Renewable energy sources produce little to no greenhouse gas emissions. This helps to reduce climate change.</span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">Renewable energy sources can improve air quality. They produce very few air pollutants.</span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">Renewable energy sources can create jobs and boost the economy. The renewable energy industry is growing rapidly.</span></li></ul><p></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">Renewable energy is a key part of the solution to the climate crisis. By investing in renewable energy, we can create a cleaner and healthier future for all.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></p><p><br /></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4368694835821818732.post-20443199705268660932023-10-01T22:29:00.006+05:302023-10-01T23:05:33.434+05:30Green Technology | Seminar Topics<h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> <span style="color: #606060; font-size: 12pt; white-space-collapse: preserve;">What is Green technology?</span></span></h3><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span style="color: #606060; font-size: 12pt; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></span></div><span id="docs-internal-guid-156c46d3-7fff-e711-75df-ddcff94c1882"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 11pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #606060; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Green technology, also known as eco-technology or environmental technology, refers to the set of technological innovations and practices that are designed and continue to be designed to reduce the negative impact on the environment as a consequence of anthropogenic activities</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 11pt; margin-top: 0pt;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhu4Yxi2FAOaGPyeZk81l4wXK_6LCR23_d2g0t9__tyz9vwr3oG2plrlIwVQ-BiOuU56_VAUhIUMEbQXlbJFKwC536a_bJnFLr0tV8VATqSYT0wV-t1LqNXrGp7xwc-kIyYTGXsn-Oc9cIzoLUFV_uNP02a-_cs6-E3qw8ZuAiQcoOpm42kE9fZL0ftBavE/s800/Green%20technology%20Seminar%20Topic.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="445" data-original-width="800" height="357" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhu4Yxi2FAOaGPyeZk81l4wXK_6LCR23_d2g0t9__tyz9vwr3oG2plrlIwVQ-BiOuU56_VAUhIUMEbQXlbJFKwC536a_bJnFLr0tV8VATqSYT0wV-t1LqNXrGp7xwc-kIyYTGXsn-Oc9cIzoLUFV_uNP02a-_cs6-E3qw8ZuAiQcoOpm42kE9fZL0ftBavE/w640-h357/Green%20technology%20Seminar%20Topic.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #606060; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><p></p><h3 style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 11pt; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #606060; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">About Green technology</span></h3><div><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #606060; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></div><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 11pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #606060; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;"><a href="https://unacademy.com/content/kerala-psc/study-material/science-technology/green-technology/" target="_blank">Green technology</a> is a general term that describes the use of technology and science to create environmentally friendly products and services. Green technology is related to Cleantech, which specifically refers to products or services that improve performance while reducing costs, energy consumption, waste, or negative environmental impact.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 11pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #606060; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-427bd543-7fff-4e57-c8dc-d19bd7356e8a"></span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 11pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #606060; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap;">The purpose of green technologies is to protect the environment, repair damage done to the environment in the past, preserve natural resources, and preserve the Earth's natural resources. Green technology has also become a growth industry attracting huge amounts of investment capital.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 11pt; margin-top: 0pt;"></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="color: #606060;">Examples of green technology</span></span></h3><div><span style="background-color: transparent; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="color: #606060;"><br /></span></span></div><span style="background-color: transparent; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="color: #606060;"><b>Solar Energy:</b> Solar panels are a classic example of green technology. They convert sunlight into electrical energy without emitting pollutants and are a renewable and sustainable energy source.</span></span><p></p><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 11pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="color: #606060;">
<b>Wind energy:</b> Wind turbines capture energy from the wind and convert it into electricity. Wind energy is clean and does not emit greenhouse gases or air pollutants. You may be interested in this article on How we can harness wind energy .</span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 11pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="color: #606060;">
<b>Hydroelectric energy:</b> harnesses the energy of moving water, such as rivers or reservoirs, to generate electricity. It is a renewable energy source and does not emit polluting gases.</span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 11pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="color: #606060;">
<b>Energy efficiency:</b> Green technology also includes solutions and devices that help reduce energy consumption. For example, low-consumption LED light bulbs, efficient appliances, and energy management systems in buildings. Discover What energy efficiency is: definition and examples .</span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 11pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="color: #606060;">
<b>Sustainable transportation:</b> Electric vehicles are an example of green technology in the field of transportation. They use electrical energy instead of fossil fuels, thus reducing polluting gas emissions.</span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 11pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="color: #606060;">
<b>Sustainable architecture:</b> Buildings designed with sustainability principles use techniques and materials that reduce energy consumption and maximize efficiency. This may include incorporating renewable energy systems, water management systems, and passive design to take advantage of sunlight and natural ventilation.</span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 11pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="color: #606060;">
<b>Recycling and waste management:</b> Green technology also encompasses solutions for sustainable waste treatment and management. This includes the implementation of advanced recycling systems, the energy recovery of waste, and the promotion of the circular economy. Discover Why it is important to recycle .</span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 11pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="color: #606060;">
<b>Sustainable agriculture and food:</b> Green technology in this field focuses on the development of more sustainable agricultural practices, such as organic farming, efficient use of water, agricultural waste management, and the implementation of more environmentally friendly food production techniques. environment.</span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 11pt; margin-top: 0pt;"></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="color: #606060;">Impact of technology on the environment</span></span></h3><div><span style="background-color: transparent; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="color: #606060;"><br /></span></span></div><span style="background-color: transparent; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="color: #606060;"><b>Resource consumption in manufacturing:</b> Green technology production often requires the intensive use of natural resources and energy in its manufacturing. For example, the production of solar panels or batteries for electric vehicles can generate waste and consume non-renewable resources.</span></span><p></p><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 11pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="color: #606060;">
<b>Impact on ecosystems:</b> The implementation of green technologies, such as the construction of wind farms or hydroelectric plants, can have negative impacts on local ecosystems. This can include alteration of natural habitats, forced migration of species, and disruption of aquatic ecosystems .</span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 11pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="color: #606060;">
<b>Intensive land use:</b> some green technologies, such as biofuels or crops for biomass production, may require large areas of land for their production. This can lead to deforestation, soil degradation, and competition with food production.</span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 11pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="color: #606060;">
<b>Impact on local communities: </b>The implementation of green technologies can have socioeconomic impacts on local communities. For example, the construction of large renewable energy projects can displace communities or generate conflicts related to access and distribution of resources.</span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 11pt; margin-top: 0pt;"></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="color: #606060;">Advantages</span></span></h3><div><span style="background-color: transparent; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="color: #606060;"><br /></span></span></div></span><span style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span style="color: #606060;"><ul style="background-color: transparent; text-align: left; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><li><span id="docs-internal-guid-156c46d3-7fff-e711-75df-ddcff94c1882"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="color: #606060;">Green and related technologies will help us heal the environment to a state where it can support the long-term growth of the global economy.</span></span></span></li><li><span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="color: #606060;">Reduce the burden on fossil fuels and nuclear power and pave the way for safer, cleaner energy that doesn't harm nature.</span></span></span></li><li><span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="color: #606060;">Minimize the load on resource consumption.</span></span></span></li><li><span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="color: #606060;">Create more jobs, related businesses and supply chains and support global economic growth.
</span></span></span></li></ul><h3 style="background-color: transparent; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Conclusions </h3><div><br /></div></span>Green technology, although it has many positive aspects, can also have some impacts, but it is important to note that these negative impacts do not negate the benefits of green technology but highlight the need for proper management taking into account the environmental, social, and economic factors</span>.</span></span><div><span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="color: #606060; font-family: verdana;"></span></span></span></div><div><span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="color: #606060; font-family: verdana;"></span></span></span></div><div><span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="color: #606060; font-family: verdana;"></span></span><p></p><div><span face="Arial,sans-serif" style="background-color: transparent; color: #606060; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><br /></span></div></span></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4368694835821818732.post-68402932094836061402023-01-26T19:32:00.001+05:302023-01-26T19:32:20.439+05:30Chat GPT (Generative Language Predictive Model) - Seminar Topic<h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Chat GPT Abstracts </span></h3><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"> Chat GPT is a language model developed by OpenAI. OpenAI is an<a href="https://seminarprojecttopics.blogspot.com/2020/03/artificial-intelligence-ai.html" target="_blank"> artificial intelligence</a> research organization based in San Francisco, California. It was founded in 2015 by a group of AI researchers and entrepreneurs, including Elon Musk, Sam Altman, and Greg Brockman.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">OpenAI's goal is to develop high-quality AI technologies that are freely accessible to society at large . To achieve this, the organization conducts research in a wide variety of areas, such as deep learning, natural language processing, and machine gaming.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">Chat GPT is one of the many projects that OpenAI has developed. It is a language model that has been trained with a large amount of text data to be able to perform a wide variety of tasks related to natural language.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">Its ability to understand the context and intent behind user questions or queries make it a very useful tool for developing chatbots and improving accuracy in information search systems.</span><span style="font-family: verdana;">What is GPT Chat used for?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">Chat GPT has been trained to perform a wide variety of natural language related tasks.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">This makes it a very useful tool for various applications , such as the automatic generation of responses in a chatbot or the improvement of precision in information search systems.</span></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7Orsq87MIlDgcCprmI5uje-yIum7L_aGQU0sQ2ClEPovR6D4YszbWMB5w6WfM06SvSimtP7LmZ2I9g6VN56qEkQaGXTT5RUicvhs70x1x3NmOLWaZB923HLKGs2jDRYWZqryMWGqyfJrPAzJJT2QL41WMJAinZvlTJX7qrX6n08j2GhB2KzrH1VeRNg/s740/Chat%20GPT%20Seminar%20Topic.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Chat GPT Seminar Topic" border="0" data-original-height="445" data-original-width="740" height="384" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7Orsq87MIlDgcCprmI5uje-yIum7L_aGQU0sQ2ClEPovR6D4YszbWMB5w6WfM06SvSimtP7LmZ2I9g6VN56qEkQaGXTT5RUicvhs70x1x3NmOLWaZB923HLKGs2jDRYWZqryMWGqyfJrPAzJJT2QL41WMJAinZvlTJX7qrX6n08j2GhB2KzrH1VeRNg/w640-h384/Chat%20GPT%20Seminar%20Topic.jpg" title="Chat GPT Seminar Topic" width="640" /></a></div><br /><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span><p></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">Here are four key points where the Chat GPT language model can be used:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Text Generation – </b>The model can be used to generate coherent and natural text, whether in the form of stories, articles, or answers to questions.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Improving accuracy in search systems – </b>The model can help improve accuracy in information search systems, as it can understand the context and intent behind user queries.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Chatbot development :</b> The model can be used to develop chatbots that can have natural conversations with users, consistently and accurately responding to their questions.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Natural language processing improvement : </b>The model can be used to improve natural language processing in various applications, such as machine translation or sentiment detection in text.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEg-fOdKUmkhnmxGKsJmWPPBQKQhGrlzqyTPDtaBQMmrTav9jfjZHnW87INesbNEs1JBcIy9IbWJdH-1HLpPr4zex3yZZM7gz97o2FTvrix9K9Njv42CWEzhExeCIxhtkqUiMHNgqNil_ZCcx8UbWvvgCgS5IMvclI1uYnaLrD-MrCefeNm2BC00xLxJkA" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="" data-original-height="747" data-original-width="1445" height="330" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEg-fOdKUmkhnmxGKsJmWPPBQKQhGrlzqyTPDtaBQMmrTav9jfjZHnW87INesbNEs1JBcIy9IbWJdH-1HLpPr4zex3yZZM7gz97o2FTvrix9K9Njv42CWEzhExeCIxhtkqUiMHNgqNil_ZCcx8UbWvvgCgS5IMvclI1uYnaLrD-MrCefeNm2BC00xLxJkA=w640-h330" width="640" /></a></span></div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /><br /></span><p></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Where does Chat GPT get the information to be able to generate complex responses?</span></h3><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">Chat GPT has been trained on a large amount of text data to be able to perform a wide variety of natural language related tasks. This text data includes books, articles, news, conversations , and more, which is used to teach the model how to comprehend and generate text in a coherent and natural way.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">Therefore, Chat GPT obtains the necessary information to generate complex responses from this text data, which allows it to understand the context and intent behind user questions or queries.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;">In addition, the model can also use other types of information, such as images or videos , to improve its ability to understand the world around it and generate more accurate and consistent responses.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Other OpenAI language developments </span></h3><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">Thanks to OpenAI, some of the world’s most advanced and highest performing language models have been developed. Some of OpenAI’s most prominent language models include:</span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">It is a generative language model that has been trained on a large number of texts and can generate high quality content on a wide range of tasks.</span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">It is an even more advanced generative language model than GPT, with significantly more processing power and performance.</span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">It is a natural language processing model that has revolutionized the way many NLP tasks are approached and has set new standards in performance, across a wide range of tasks.</span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">It is a text-based image generation model that can generate realistic images from natural language descriptions.</span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">It is the largest and most advanced language model that has been developed to date by OpenAI, with even greater processing power and performance than its predecessors.</span></li></ul><div><span style="font-family: verdana;">It is an artificial intelligence that is trained to hold conversations , so you only have to ask it questions in a conventional way and it will understand. We will start by explaining what it is, and then we will give you some examples of what you can do with it.</span></div><p></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>https://www.xataka.com/basics/chatgpt-que-como-usarlo-que-puedes-hacer-este-chat-inteligencia-artificial</p><p>https://www.atriainnovation.com/en/how-does-chat-gpt-work/</p><p>https://edem.eu/chat-gpt-que-es-para-que-sirve-y-su-aplicacion-en-la-economia-explicado-por-chat-gpt/</p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4368694835821818732.post-91439615469322563532023-01-01T21:46:00.003+05:302023-01-01T21:46:34.564+05:30Robotic Process Automation (RPA)<h3 style="text-align: left;"> What is RPA (Robotic Process Automation)?</h3><p> Robotic process automation , or RPA for its acronym in English, is a technology that allows configuring computer software or robots to emulate and execute in an integrated and autonomous (or semi-autonomous) manner the actions or steps of a human interaction with certain digital systems. , in such a way that it can execute a commercial process.</p><p> In other words, it is programming a virtual robot to do what a person would do on their computer, this in a more expeditious, safer and uninterrupted way; activities such as data entry, processing standard transactions, or answering simple customer service questions.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjT_-wGP8EMJ9cw4UvbN3mAlHQttLsEi81HCGEhh4PfCQDNlgW_UoGsJ7qRZYPgyfG_0zO1foq9dxLmUU1GNUU0QOCeCDqhuJRjdcBieB2IE7KqEQ-Fee0Y2LXmKMiSIC--T_QlNaNjS1W_p4rw8XvJblF5pdVNB2UljuHqH4d9J2mUJSOlYPFNqupUDA/s800/Robotic%20Process%20Automation.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Robotic Process Automation" border="0" data-original-height="450" data-original-width="800" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjT_-wGP8EMJ9cw4UvbN3mAlHQttLsEi81HCGEhh4PfCQDNlgW_UoGsJ7qRZYPgyfG_0zO1foq9dxLmUU1GNUU0QOCeCDqhuJRjdcBieB2IE7KqEQ-Fee0Y2LXmKMiSIC--T_QlNaNjS1W_p4rw8XvJblF5pdVNB2UljuHqH4d9J2mUJSOlYPFNqupUDA/w640-h360/Robotic%20Process%20Automation.png" title="Robotic Process Automation" width="640" /></a></div><p><br /></p><h3 style="text-align: left;"><b> How does RPA robotic process automation work? </b></h3><p>RPA works by replicating the actions of a human being who interacts with applications or systems to perform different tasks, through a script that is executed by the bot under a defined set of business rules.</p><p>The operation of the types of process automation software varies according to the tool that is being used and the type of process that is automated, however, there are some basic principles for all: programming interfaces and systems integration.</p><h3 style="text-align: left;">What are the benefits of implementing RPA?</h3><p> A robot does not have the needs of a worker: it does not have to rest, or go to the bathroom, or get sick. What's more, it can work 24 hours a day performing tasks in different areas of the organization, and in general the robot can significantly reduce the execution time of those tasks, also reducing the number of errors that humans can make that they used to do. the process. Thus, there are several benefits that derive from a correct implementation of RPA in your company:</p><p><b>Saved Man Hours: </b> RPA takes care of repetitive tasks saving valuable time and resources, plus they cost less than a full-time employee.</p><p><b>Error reduction: </b>The fatigue or lack of knowledge that leads to human errors does not happen with bots, so the rate is reduced.</p><p><b>Agility and increased productivity:</b> robots do more in less time and don't forget to consider that there is no time wasted correcting errors.</p><p><b>Improve response and compliance times:</b> Automation reduces the risk of delays by introducing precision into your operations.</p><p><b>Making the most of employee time:</b> automating repetitive administrative processes allows human workers to focus on complex value-added tasks for the business</p><h3 style="text-align: left;">What advantages and challenges are associated with RPA?</h3><p>Automation has become a critical business issue in this digital age as organizations strive to boost productivity, improve user experience, and rapidly develop and launch new products and services. As the RPA technology market grows, IT leaders are increasingly interested in its ability to eliminate repetitive work, streamline operations, and reduce costs. However, as with any new technology, implementation brings advantages but also challenges. Below we indicate the most relevant in each case:</p><p><b>Advantage</b></p><p><b>Efficiency:</b> RPA has been shown to increase employee productivity as they spend less time on repetitive tasks. Gartner has found that full-time employees can save up to 30% of their time with RPA. </p><p><b>Accuracy – </b>Data entry tasks are often more accurate when performed automated rather than manually. RPA tools also fully comply with organizational and industry policies.</p><p><b>Cost savings:</b> by increasing the productivity of employees, the company saves money. Employees can then do higher value work in the same amount of time. </p><p><b>Access to legacy technology – </b>Organizations that are still using legacy technology often struggle to integrate these tools with other cloud-based systems. Through its user interface, RPA provides a simple entry point to exchange data with legacy systems.</p><p><b>Challenges</b></p><p><b>Replacement of human workers:</b> One of the main criticisms leveled at RPA and other automation technologies is the potential elimination of data entry and other clerical roles.</p><p><b>Lack of intelligent features:</b> RPA technology alone can only perform the tasks it copies from a script, so it is unable to learn and improve the script it performs. The next generation of AI and intelligent automation tools are being introduced to address this RPA blind spot.</p><p><b>Project complexity – </b>Transformative RPA projects are often complex and require significant time investment to pay back; consequently, some of these projects fail before making a profit.</p><h3 style="text-align: left;">RPA and artificial intelligence</h3><p>Robotic process automation is often mistaken for <a href="https://seminarprojecttopics.blogspot.com/2020/03/artificial-intelligence-ai.html" target="_blank">artificial intelligence</a> (AI), but the two are distinctly different. AI combines cognitive automation, machine learning (ML), natural language processing (NLP), reasoning, hypothesis generation and analysis.</p><p>The critical difference is that RPA is process-driven, whereas AI is data-driven. RPA bots can only follow the processes defined by an end user, while AI bots use machine learning to recognize patterns in data, in particular unstructured data, and learn over time. Put differently, AI is intended to simulate human intelligence, while RPA is solely for replicating human-directed tasks. While the use of artificial intelligence and RPA tools minimize the need for human intervention, the way in which they automate processes is different. </p><p>That said, RPA and AI also complement each other well. AI can help RPA automate tasks more fully and handle more complex use cases. RPA also enables AI insights to be actioned on more quickly instead of waiting on manual implementations.</p><p><br /></p><p>Reference :</p><p><a href="https://www.ibm.com/topics/rpa">https://www.ibm.com/topics/rpa</a></p><p><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robotic_process_automation">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robotic_process_automation</a></p><p> </p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4368694835821818732.post-44100579724650642402022-08-04T13:31:00.003+05:302022-08-04T13:31:54.669+05:30Metaverse Technology - Latest Seminar Topic 2022<h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> Metaverse Abstract</span></h3><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><div><br /></div><div>The Metaverse is a world of virtual or digital reality that we access through special devices such as augmented reality glasses and that allow us to interact with other users and elements of the environment, although platforms have been created that do not need these devices to allow his access to the Metaverse.</div><div><br /></div><div>This seeks to be a kind of alternative reality, a parallel universe in which we can do the same things we do in our day to day, such as work, socialize, travel, but without moving from our room.</div><div><br /></div><div>The Metaverse may offer us the next great evolutionary leap of the Internet or </div><div>it might not develop as much as expected. It's still very early days, and companies like Facebook are only beginning to create the infrastructures and early concepts that lead to a future where there are devices capable of taking us there. Therefore, it is more of a concept, a blank canvas, than a reality that we can connect to today.</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5YSbVHdgOcvNKg-94lhtNyt1IEHW3fQYpaHQ2WmvKsbz8H6tXcP61Ki6g6XBXyQ3N6PLfXebPkKN7Va1REEa4vD52-NORw4CECaH2rVX9q9cHeWYdEZMQusv96q1zLMvWNfJQ332wFBu45WqVMZpXwgpOLm0Mn0H06aZx6LaiVJ_wM0zIZBEepZksig/s800/Metaverse%20Technology.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Metaverse Technology" border="0" data-original-height="445" data-original-width="800" height="356" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5YSbVHdgOcvNKg-94lhtNyt1IEHW3fQYpaHQ2WmvKsbz8H6tXcP61Ki6g6XBXyQ3N6PLfXebPkKN7Va1REEa4vD52-NORw4CECaH2rVX9q9cHeWYdEZMQusv96q1zLMvWNfJQ332wFBu45WqVMZpXwgpOLm0Mn0H06aZx6LaiVJ_wM0zIZBEepZksig/w640-h356/Metaverse%20Technology.jpg" title="Metaverse Technology - seminar topic" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><h3 style="text-align: left;"><b>What is Metaverse?</b></h3><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div>The Metaverse is a virtual world , one to which we will connect using a series of devices that will make us think that we are really inside it , interacting with all its elements. It will be like actually teleporting to a whole new world through virtual reality glasses and other accessories that will allow us to interact with it.<br /><br />Virtual worlds are nothing new, and there are plenty of them, especially in the video game industry. You create a character or avatar, and you enter that world to live adventures through your computer. However, the metaverse does not seek to be a fantasy world, but rather a kind of alternate reality in which we can do the same things we do today outside the home, but without leaving the room.<br /><br />The term metaverse comes from a 1992 novel called 'Snow Crash' , and is a term that has settled to describe visions of three-dimensional or virtual workspaces . This metaverse, therefore, means a virtual world in which we can interact, and which has been created to resemble an external reality.<br /><br />As for the precise concept of the metaverse that Facebook and other companies are betting on. The idea would be to create a parallel and completely virtual universe, which we can access with virtual reality and augmented reality devices , so that we can interact with each other within it, and from the outside with the content we have inside.<br /><br />The key to this metaverse is that it can be fully immersive , or at least much more so than current virtual reality is. Yes, we will have glasses that are possibly similar to the current ones to immerse ourselves in it, but also sensors that record our physical movements so that our avatar within that metaverse does exactly the same.<br /><br />Even the devices we use can interpret our facial expressions so that our avatar in the metaverse can recreate us, so that the rest of the people with whom we are interacting can understand how we feel. Come on, body language is also part of these virtual interactions.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><h3 style="text-align: left;">History of Metaverse</h3><div><br /></div><div>We are not exactly clear about the origin of the metaverse, but what we can know is when people started talking about it. The first references to the metaverse appear in a novel by Neal Stephenson, Snow Crash (1992).</div><div><br /></div><div>The novel tells the story of Hiroaki Hiro Protagonist , a pizza delivery boy in the real world, but warrior prince (samurai) in the Metaverse. Given a moment, Hiro discovers the existence of a powerful computer virus in the Metaverse, called Snow Crash , and the discovery of more about this virus will be the central axis of the plot.</div><div><br /></div><div>What is relevant about this book is that Neal created the first written reference to a completely virtual world long before cyberspace could be spoken of. In his book Neal introduces the idea of avatars (or virtual characters of real people in the tangible world).</div></span></div><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><h3 style="text-align: left;">When will the metaverse be real?</h3><div><br /></div><div>Currently, the metaverse is just a concept that is beginning to be built. The Meta company, formerly known as Facebook, has presented the idea and announces heavy investments to make it real. But it remains to be seen if other companies join in the effort to create the technologies that make it possible.</div><div><br /></div><div>Because we still do not have the technologies that can make that concept real . We don't have virtual reality devices that actually make us move like we're inside that universe realistically. The entire infrastructure is also missing in terms of design. It is a universe that wants to be created, but it still does not have regions, streets or anything, only some virtual rooms that are being used for the first tests.</div><div><br /></div><div>Over the next few years we will see how new devices are being launched that seek to connect us with this new virtual reality. The idea is that in the future they will be very complete and affordable, but until that is real, they may still not allow great interactions and will be quite expensive.</div><div><br /></div><div>Therefore, we are still a long way from being able to all connect to a metaverse in which to interact. We still need to develop that virtual universe, and also develop the technology that makes it possible for us to connect to it. It is also necessary to make, where it exists, that technology affordable for all.</div><div><br /></div><div><div><b>Augmented Reality</b></div><div><br /></div><div>Augmented reality (AR) is the term used to describe the set of technologies that allow a user to visualize part of the real world through a technological device with graphic information added by it.</div><div><br /></div><div><b><a href="https://seminarprojecttopics.blogspot.com/2020/03/artificial-intelligence-ai.html" target="_blank">Artificial intelligence</a></b></div><div><br /></div><div>Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the combination of algorithms proposed with the purpose of creating machines that have the same capabilities as the human being.</div><div><br /></div><div><b>Virtual Avatar</b></div><div><br /></div><div>It is a virtual representation of real people. They can be creative and fundamentally different from us, or they can try to be as similar as possible, creating an almost identical representation.</div></div><div><br /></div><div><h3 style="text-align: left;">Conclusions</h3><div><br /></div><div>The Metaverse will give rise to the generation of millions of data in real time, since the technology that accompanies it offers companies enormous possibilities to sell products and services in various markets, both vertical and horizontal. This will add value to companies that use the Metaverse as a new business channel. </div><div><br /></div><div>Many of the challenges are unknown for an already advanced era. It is necessary to face them from innovative angles, where we understand that the already established models are going to have changes and we will have to adjust.</div><div><br /></div><div>Although we cannot imagine the full range of benefits or risks that will arise, it is clear that we are about to launch into a fascinating new dimension of the human experience.</div></div></span></div><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Source Reference</b></span></div><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaverse" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaverse</a></span></div><div><br /></div><div><a href="https://www.ey.com/en_in/search?q=Metaverse" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://www.ey.com/en_in/search?q=Metaverse</a></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4368694835821818732.post-3626000621205746152022-08-01T15:59:00.000+05:302022-08-01T15:59:14.715+05:30Data Fabric - Seminar Topic 2022<h3 style="text-align: left;"><b><span style="font-family: verdana;"> Data Fabric Abstract</span></b></h3><span style="font-family: verdana;">The data fabric is an architecture that facilitates the end-to-end integration of various data work lines and cloud environments through the use of intelligent and automated systems. In the last decade, developments within hybrid cloud , artificial intelligence , the Internet of Things (IoT), and edge computing have led to the exponential growth of big data, creating even more management complexity for businesses. This has made unifying and managing data environments an increasing priority, as this growth has created significant challenges such as data silos, security risks, and overall decision-making bottlenecks. data management teamsare tackling these challenges head-on with data fabric solutions . They are leveraging them to unify their disparate data systems, integrate management, tighten security and privacy measures, and give workers, particularly business users, more access to data.</span><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg738tBMZULGo9y83G4lLbThG-TtaZzdtLh0Pi_DIR9PSGGSj8_8ff15jS_R8j6L9ZTlNS497sfQLNrKJ3s1Yv2Td7OtxnCQ7rRsRaTpwQfXFI6L3JUqvfHjL6UKSQvlJhN6BHLb3nOloCbpYrBRyfk_9q1nhOUhH3vwPjSl-mo_Jzyt7XgFpJPcPCsaw/s800/Data%20fabric.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Seminar Topic, Data fabric" border="0" data-original-height="445" data-original-width="800" height="356" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg738tBMZULGo9y83G4lLbThG-TtaZzdtLh0Pi_DIR9PSGGSj8_8ff15jS_R8j6L9ZTlNS497sfQLNrKJ3s1Yv2Td7OtxnCQ7rRsRaTpwQfXFI6L3JUqvfHjL6UKSQvlJhN6BHLb3nOloCbpYrBRyfk_9q1nhOUhH3vwPjSl-mo_Jzyt7XgFpJPcPCsaw/w640-h356/Data%20fabric.png" title="Data fabric" width="640" /></a></div><br /><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><div><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>What is a </b><b>Data Fabric</b><b>?</b></span></h3><div><span style="font-family: verdana;">The data fabric is an emerging design concept for data management that addresses the challenges of data complexity. Its goal is to provide an agile enterprise database to support a wide variety of business use cases. The notion of a data fabric is closely tied to DataOps and initiatives for data modernization and digital innovation in general.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: verdana;">A data fabric can be thought of as a fabric that connects data from multiple locations (edge, core, and cloud), data types, and data sources, with methods to access that data. For users consuming applications and systems alike, it abstracts away the complexities associated with underlying data storage, movement, transformation, security, and processing.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: verdana;">A data fabric is not a replacement for more traditional data management architectures such as data lakes, data warehouses, data concentrators, and databases. Instead, a data fabric includes those systems as active participants in a unified approach.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><div><h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Data fabric architecture</span></h3><div><span style="font-family: verdana;">Leveraging data services and APIs, data fabrics bring together data from legacy systems, data lakes , data warehouses , sql databases, and applications, providing a comprehensive view of business performance. Unlike these individual data warehouse systems, its goal is to create more fluidity in data environments, trying to counteract the problem of data gravity, that is, the idea that data becomes more difficult to move to as they grow in size. A data fabric abstracts away the technological complexities involved in moving, transforming, and integrating data, making all data available across the enterprise.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: verdana;">That said, this is just an example. There is no single data architecture for a data fabric, as different businesses have different needs. The diverse number of cloud providers and data infrastructure implementations ensure variation between companies. However, companies using this type of data structure exhibit similarities in their architectures that are unique to a data fabric. More specifically, they have six fundamental components, which Forrester (link external to ibm.com) describes in the "Enterprise Data Fabric Enables DataOps" report. These six layers include the following:</span></div><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><div><ol style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; counter-reset: item 0; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: var(--cds-body-long-02-line-height,1.5); list-style: none; margin: 0px 0px 1.5rem 1rem; padding: 0px; vertical-align: baseline;"><li style="border: 0px; box-sizing: border-box; font-stretch: inherit; font-variant-east-asian: inherit; font-variant-numeric: inherit; line-height: 1.5rem; margin: 0px; padding: 0px 0px 0px 0.5rem; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Data management layer:</b> This is responsible for data management and data security.<br /><br /><b>Data ingestion layer:</b> This layer begins to piece together the data from the cloud, finding connections between the structured and unstructured data.<br /><br /><b>Data processing:</b> The data processing layer refines the data to ensure that only data relevant to the data extraction is displayed.<br /><br /><b>Data Orchestration:</b> This critical layer does some of the most important work for the data fabric: transforming, integrating, and cleansing data, making it usable for teams across the enterprise.<br /><br /><b>Data Discovery:</b> This layer shows new opportunities to integrate disparate data sources. For example, you might find ways to connect data in a supply chain data mart and customer relationship management data system, enabling new opportunities for product offerings to customers or ways to improve customer satisfaction.<br /><br /><b>Data Access:</b> This layer enables data consumption, ensuring the correct permissions for certain equipment to comply with government regulations. Additionally, this layer helps display relevant data through the use of dashboards and other data visualization tools</span></li></ol><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><h3 style="text-align: left;">Data Fabric vs. Data Virtualization</h3><div>Data virtualization is one of the technologies that enables a data fabric approach. Instead of physically moving data from various on-premises and cloud sources using the ETL (extract, transform, load) standard, a data virtualization tool connects to the different sources, integrating only the necessary metadata and creating a layer of virtual data. This allows users to tap into source data in real time.</div><div><br /></div><h3 style="text-align: left;">Conclusion</h3><div>Data fabrics are still in the early stages of adoption, but their data integration capabilities help businesses with data discovery, enabling them to take on a variety of use cases. While the use cases that a data fabric can handle may not be too different from other data products, it differs in the scope and scale that it can handle, as it eliminates data silos. By integrating multiple data sources, companies and their data scientists can create a comprehensive view of their customers, which has been particularly useful with banking customers. </div><div><br /></div><div>Source Website:</div><div><br /></div><div><a href="https://ibm.com/in-en/analytics/data-fabric" target="_blank">https://ibm.com/in-en/analytics/data-fabric</a></div><div><br /></div></span></div></div></div></div></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4368694835821818732.post-17425939105172047202022-01-17T01:05:00.000+05:302022-01-17T01:05:07.897+05:30Hyperautomation<p>What is hyperautomation?<br /><br />Hyperautomation is the concept of automating everything in an organization that can be automated. Organizations that adopt hyperautomation aim to streamline processes across their business using artificial intelligence (AI), robotic process automation (RPA), and other technologies to run without human intervention.<br /><br />Hyperautomation is an emerging approach to automation, but Gartner (link resides outside IBM) has already identified it as one of the top 10 strategic technology trends. They conducted a recent survey which showed that 85% of participants will “either increase or sustain their organization’s hyperautomation investments over the next 12 months, and over 56% already have four or more concurrent hyperautomation initiatives. According to Gartner (link resides outside IBM), “Hyperautomation is rapidly shifting from an option to a condition of survival”, ranking "outdated work processes as the No. 1 workforce issue”.<br /><br />It is also important to note that the role that the pandemic has played in the adoption and acceleration of hyperautomation within the market, fueling the prioritization of digital transformation and automation initiatives over the last year. With the business ecosystem operating in a distributed manner, hyperautomation eases the burden that repetitive processes and legacy infrastructure incur on an organization and its resources. The transformation that hyperautomation affords an organization enables it to operate in a more streamlined manner, often resulting in reduced costs and a stronger competitive position.<br /><br />Legacy infrastructure and processes can slow an organization down and affect their ability to be competitive. Simple, task-based automation does not deliver the cross-functional results that will drive business decision making and results. Hyperautomation transforms an organization by automating as many processes and tasks as possible.</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>https://www.ibm.com/cloud/learn/hyperautomation<br /></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4368694835821818732.post-40974883048213250102021-06-25T20:09:00.007+05:302021-06-26T00:02:25.782+05:30Data Scraping<h3 style="text-align: left;">What is data scraping?</h3><div>Data scraping, in its most general form, refers to a technique in which a computer program extracts data from output generated from another program. Data scraping is commonly manifest in web scraping, the process of using an application to extract valuable information from a website.</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhblIW7lnA72Drr1eZWFvAChMe4j-OFIqdKUNFykRZfosghJwaoTUvA8O8QClgAVm63kXbwf-dcv8L9Qp9YoVT7WG_kJk_KPj6Fwp2LIdeUcd9p2Eb8rE46Mw0F1GvDBQgxCtJcqxs7LJIf/s791/Data+Scraping+seminar+topics.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="445" data-original-width="791" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhblIW7lnA72Drr1eZWFvAChMe4j-OFIqdKUNFykRZfosghJwaoTUvA8O8QClgAVm63kXbwf-dcv8L9Qp9YoVT7WG_kJk_KPj6Fwp2LIdeUcd9p2Eb8rE46Mw0F1GvDBQgxCtJcqxs7LJIf/w640-h360/Data+Scraping+seminar+topics.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div>https://www.cloudflare.com/en-in/learning/bots/what-is-data-scraping/</div><div><br /></div><h3 style="text-align: left;"><br />How Data Scraping Is Done </h3><div><div> Web scraping is a fairly direct process when viewed at a high level. Code is utilized to pull information, generally via a scraper bot. The bot sends a request to the website, parses the HTML document and converts it into a different format.</div><div><br /></div><div>Over time, the game has grown more sophisticated. As scraper bots become successful, content protection strategies are beefed up to thwart their efforts. In turn, the bots respond by developing tactics to outmaneuver these new protection mechanisms — and so it goes. </div><div><br /></div><div>For the scrapers, content may be derived at little or no expense. Instead of having to write their own content, conduct research and obtain customer reviews, for example, the scrapers may post material on their sites. They avoid having to pay for certain reports and other documents. </div></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><h3 style="text-align: left;">Two Types of Data Scraping</h3><h3 style="text-align: left;"><a href="https://seminarprojecttopics.blogspot.com/2020/05/web-scraping.html" target="_blank">Web Scraping</a></h3><div>If you’ve ever copy and pasted information from a website, you’ve performed the same function as any web scraper, only on a microscopic, manual scale.</div><div><br /></div><div>Web scraping, also known as web data extraction, is the process of retrieving or “scraping” data from a website. Unlike the mundane, mind-numbing process of manually extracting data, web scraping uses intelligent automation to retrieve hundreds, millions, or even billions of data points from the internet’s seemingly endless frontier.</div><div><br /></div><h3 style="text-align: left;">Screen Scraping</h3><div>Screen scraping is the act of copying information that shows on a digital display so it can be used for another purpose. Visual data can be collected as raw text from on-screen elements such as a text or images that appear on the desktop, in an application or on a website. Screen scraping can be performed automatically with a scraping program or manually with an individual extracting data.</div></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><h3 style="text-align: left;">How is web scraping stopped completely?</h3><div>The only way to totally stop web scraping is to avoid putting content on a website entirely. However, using an advanced bot management solution can help websites eliminate access for scraper bots almost completely.</div><div><br /></div><h3 style="text-align: left;">What is the difference between data scraping and data crawling?</h3><div>Crawling refers to the process large search engines like Google undertake when they send their robot crawlers, such as Googlebot, out into the network to index Internet content. Scraping, on the other hand, is typically structured specifically to extract data from a particular website.</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div></div><div><br /></div><b>Sources / References:</b><div><br /><div>https://www.datamation.com/big-data/data-scraping/</div></div><div>https://www.cloudflare.com/en-in/learning/bots/what-is-data-scraping/</div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4368694835821818732.post-71458192486227557852021-06-23T11:17:00.002+05:302021-06-23T11:17:29.722+05:30Cryptocurrency<h3 style="text-align: left;"> Abstract on Cryptocurrency:</h3><p>Cryptocurrencies have emerged as important financial software systems. They rely on a secure distributed ledger data structure; mining is an integral part of such systems. Mining adds records of past transactions to the distributed ledger known as Blockchain, allowing users to reach secure, robust consensus for each transaction. Mining also introduces wealth in the form of new units of currency. </p><p>Cryptocurrencies lack a central authority to mediate transactions because they were designed as peer-to-peer systems. They rely on miners to validate transactions. Cryptocurrencies require strong, secure mining algorithms. In this paper we survey and compare and contrast current mining techniques as used by major Cryptocurrencies.</p><p> We evaluate the strengths, weaknesses, and possible threats to each mining strategy. Overall, a perspective on how Cryptocurrencies mine, where they have comparable performance and assurance, and where they have unique threats and strengths are outlined.</p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4368694835821818732.post-40349780037847273052021-06-23T11:11:00.002+05:302021-06-23T11:18:16.525+05:30Facebook Digital Currency - Diem (Libra) <h3 style="text-align: left;"> Facebook <a href="https://seminarprojecttopics.blogspot.com/2021/01/digital-currency.html" target="_blank">Digital Currency</a> - Diem ( known as Libra). Offering single-currency stablecoins in addition to the multi-currency coin </h3><div><br /></div><p><span style="font-size: medium;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUNSEf5tLzfL55khDGOBdZPNIJr9eYzhNpmHNhy9JyrfLjIDEvt5J4GHbH_khyphenhyphenmV1VV3fyvTcCYa8IctNlXpMHX51bRiCmGPoFxGdHs6czJW80lEb34JabGCQ8ZXuBqPERlqmyxZcd9CMP/s252/Facebook+Digital+Currency+-+Diem-Libra-logo.png" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Facebook Digital Currency - Diem (Libra) logo" border="0" data-original-height="63" data-original-width="252" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUNSEf5tLzfL55khDGOBdZPNIJr9eYzhNpmHNhy9JyrfLjIDEvt5J4GHbH_khyphenhyphenmV1VV3fyvTcCYa8IctNlXpMHX51bRiCmGPoFxGdHs6czJW80lEb34JabGCQ8ZXuBqPERlqmyxZcd9CMP/s16000/Facebook+Digital+Currency+-+Diem-Libra-logo.png" title="Facebook Digital Currency - Diem (Libra) logo" /></a></span></div><p style="text-align: justify;">The Diem Association’s mission is to enable a simple global payment system and financial infrastructure that empowers billions of people. The Association’s first step toward creating a more inclusive and innovative financial system began in June 2019 with the announcement of the project. Our goal was to establish a collaborative dialogue early in the journey.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"> We have worked with regulators, central bankers, elected officials, and various stakeholders around the world to determine the best way to marry blockchain technology with accepted regulatory frameworks. Our objective is for the Libra payment system to integrate smoothly with local monetary and macroprudential policies and complement existing currencies by enabling new functionality, drastically reducing costs, and fostering financial inclusion.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://seminarprojecttopics.blogspot.com/2018/12/blockchain.html" target="_blank">Blockchains</a> have a number of unique properties that can potentially address some of the problems of accessibility and trustworthiness. These include distributed governance, which ensures that no single entity controls the network; open access, which allows anybody with an internet connection to participate; and security through cryptography, which protects the integrity of funds. </p><p style="text-align: justify;">But existing blockchain systems have yet to reach mainstream adoption. Mass-market usage of existing blockchain-based currencies has been hindered by their volatility and lack of scalability, which have, so far, made them poor mediums of exchange.</p><h3 style="text-align: justify;">What Is Diem?</h3><p style="text-align: justify;">Diem is a stablecoin similar to Tether (USDT) and other price-pegged cryptocurrencies. It runs on the Diem project’s own Diem blockchain, and the coin is held in a wallet, called Novi.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Naturally, Diem will be used for payments. However, the Diem blockchain will also be programmable, much like Ethereum, so that developers can create custom apps. Diem uses a custom smart contract language called Move that uses a logical constraint called “static typing” to guarantee its security.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The Diem blockchain is powered by validator nodes, which are run by members of the Diem Association. These nodes confirm transactions and validate blocks. This diagram outlines the process:</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiblNNnyL-rTddF-Z7iGdxoowXYv_VkTLYn7C_N4dZLto_p3b80hQMIqpEAgleuBSt2rw5GrOeeEjKdcxd4i81AwIDjsHDBV5jIGqySnmfU3gMFCYnGpT38t41vuiMwhzpILx2PqjZOnRDG/s829/Diem+%2528digital+currency%2529.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="440" data-original-width="829" height="340" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiblNNnyL-rTddF-Z7iGdxoowXYv_VkTLYn7C_N4dZLto_p3b80hQMIqpEAgleuBSt2rw5GrOeeEjKdcxd4i81AwIDjsHDBV5jIGqySnmfU3gMFCYnGpT38t41vuiMwhzpILx2PqjZOnRDG/w640-h340/Diem+%2528digital+currency%2529.png" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p style="text-align: justify;"><b>Image Source: https://cryptobriefing.com/diem-introduction-facebooks-stablecoin</b>/</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Efficiency is an important part of the Diem blockchain. Diem’s testnet has been criticized for handling between 6 and 24 transactions per second, far less than non-blockchain payment networks like Visa and Mastercard. But in practice, Diem’s blockchain may be faster, as it aims to support 1000 transactions per second.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">On top of this, Diem is promising near-zero transaction fees. On Diem, interest is paid to validators that comes from reserve assets. That means Diem does not need to take a 1%-3% cut of each transaction to make money, as payment companies currently do.</p><h3 style="text-align: justify;"><b>History of Diem</b></h3><p style="text-align: justify;">Diem has been under development for nearly two years in various forms. These are the most important milestones in its history.</p><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Early History</h3><p style="text-align: justify;">In May 2018, Facebook messaging Vice President David Marcus was appointed to a new blockchain division within the company. Marcus previously was president of PayPal and a director on the board of Coinbase. These facts led many commentators to predict that Facebook was planning a crypto-based payments platform.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Further clues emerged as Facebook hired more crypto developers, who eventually leaked details to the press. The Wall Street Journal was one of the first to report on the company’s plans.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">At that time, Facebook’s crypto product was supposedly intended for use via WhatsApp in India as a remittances tool. That plan has apparently been abandoned in favor of broader goals.</p><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Official Announcement</h3><p style="text-align: justify;">In June 2019, the Facebook-backed Libra Association officially announced Libra and revealed the structure of the project in detail.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The Libra Association announced that the blockchain would be powered by a consortium of 27 major companies operating independently of Facebook. Meanwhile, Facebook would profit from those plans by building the Calibra wallet for the cryptocurrency (now called Novi) and by having a single governance vote.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Though the Association remains active, not all of its original members remain involved. By the end of 2019, several members of the Libra Association left the project, including Visa, Mastercard, PayPal, eBay, and Stripe, as well as Mercado Pago and Booking Holdings. That forced the project to rebuild its Libra Association with the remaining members and new additions.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">The project also faced numerous regulatory roadblocks at the time of its announcement, including pushback from the U.S. Senate and several European regulators. Libra’s 2020 launch date came and went, and the project remained mostly silent throughout 2020.</p><h3 style="text-align: justify;">The Diem Rebrand</h3><p style="text-align: justify;">In December 2020, Libra returned with a new name, Diem, and announced plans to go live in early 2021.</p><h3 style="text-align: justify;">What’s the Difference Between Diem and Bitcoin?</h3><p style="text-align: justify;">If you were introduced to cryptocurrencies through Bitcoin like most people, then forget everything you know. The Diem Dollar is very different from Bitcoin, both in the way that it works and the way it’s controlled. </p><p style="text-align: justify;">For starters, the Diem Dollar is a stable coin built on a permissioned blockchain network. Unlike Bitcoin, it’s not designed as an open network which anyone can participate in. Another difference is that Diem is directly connected to the US Dollar. This distinguishes it from Bitcoin, which isn’t connected to any specific stable asset making its value volatile and unstable. This means that a Bitcoin’s value changes a lot more unpredictably, whereas Diem’s value won’t fluctuate any more or less than the price of a US Dollar.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">Another crucial difference between the two is that Diem is a centralized currency. It’s centralized by the Diem Association which oversees its development and the ways in which it can be used. That’s worlds apart from Bitcoin, a decentralized cryptocurrency that isn’t overseen by any one person, group or company. </p><p style="text-align: justify;">Finally, since the Diem Dollar is pegged to a fiat currency, it isn’t connected to any finite resource. The US Dollar is a currency whose value is in direct correlation to the number of Dollars in circulation and is no longer connected to the amount of gold that the US owns. This makes the number of Dollars that can be printed virtually unlimited. By contrast, the number of Bitcoin in circulation is very much finite, with a cap of 21 million in existence.</p><p style="text-align: justify;">By introducing Diem, Facebook and the Diem Association are changing the way we imagine cryptocurrencies. Unlike Bitcoin, Diem isn't introducing a new method of digital payment. It’s simply a new way of exchanging money digitally. This should make it a lot easier for non-tech savvy individuals to start using cryptocurrencies to make digital payments for everyday things like groceries and taxi rides.</p><h3 style="text-align: justify;">Conclusion </h3><p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://seminarprojecttopics.blogspot.com/2021/06/cryptocurrency.html" target="_blank">Cryptocurrencies</a> have been around for a long time, but the Diem Association could be the group that makes them available to billions globally. By creating a stable coin backed by the US Dollar, the Diem Association has created a new type of cryptocurrency –– one that’s accessible, easy to understand, and easy to use in everyday life. Combine that with Uber, PayU, and Shopify’s user base, and Diem is well on its way to becoming the dominant cryptocurrency over the next few years.</p><h3 style="text-align: justify;"><b>Sources / References Content From:</b></h3><div><br /><div>https://cryptobriefing.com/diem-introduction-facebooks-stablecoin/</div><div><br /></div>https://www.diem.com/en-us/white-paper/<p style="text-align: justify;">https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2019/jun/18/what-is-libra-facebook-new-cryptocurrency</p><p style="text-align: justify;">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diem_(digital_currency)</p><p style="text-align: justify;">https://www.firstdag.com/blog/why-diem-is-better-than-bitcoin/</p><p></p></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4368694835821818732.post-37900919776940351712021-06-23T01:29:00.009+05:302021-06-23T01:34:36.464+05:30Quantum machine learning <h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: helvetica; font-size: large;"><b> Quantum machine learning Abstract:</b></span></h3><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">Quantum Machine Learning bridges the gap between abstract developments in quantum computing and the applied research on machine learning. Paring down the complexity of the disciplines involved, it focuses on providing a synthesis that explains the most important machine learning algorithms in a quantum framework. Theoretical advances in quantum computing are hard to follow for computer scientists, and sometimes even for researchers involved in the field. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">The lack of a step-by-step guide hampers the broader understanding of this emergent interdisciplinary body of research. Quantum Machine Learning sets the scene for a deeper understanding of the subject for readers of different backgrounds.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">The author has carefully constructed a clear comparison of classical learning algorithms and their quantum counterparts, thus making differences in computational complexity and learning performance apparent. This book synthesizes of a broad array of research into a manageable and concise presentation, with practical examples and applications. </span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;"> </span><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdMw_XzlT_DrSfW2bWHp116H641MGcSd3v8Vlbyq-7ENyI-7YpQkgDUIdNT5sMNmkKyr6zC7d1-43C-ODF4U9piB2ZWskdwUjZhj_cRQOem5f4PRzWfgFhJyWxXTZYvLMKvUqpnIemlvOj/s926/Quantum+machine+learning+-+seminar+topic.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><img border="0" data-original-height="526" data-original-width="926" height="364" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdMw_XzlT_DrSfW2bWHp116H641MGcSd3v8Vlbyq-7ENyI-7YpQkgDUIdNT5sMNmkKyr6zC7d1-43C-ODF4U9piB2ZWskdwUjZhj_cRQOem5f4PRzWfgFhJyWxXTZYvLMKvUqpnIemlvOj/w640-h364/Quantum+machine+learning+-+seminar+topic.jpg" width="640" /></span></a></div><h3><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><br />What is Quantum Machine Learning?</span></h3></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div><span style="font-family: helvetica;">Quantum machine learning is a research area that explores the interplay of ideas from quantum computing and machine learning.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: helvetica;">For example, we might want to find out whether quantum computers can speed up the time it takes to train or evaluate a machine learning model. On the other hand, we can leverage techniques from machine learning to help us uncover quantum error-correcting codes, estimate the properties of quantum systems, or develop new quantum algorithms.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: helvetica;">Quantum machine learning (QML) is built on two concepts: quantum data and hybrid quantum-classical models.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><br /></span></div><div><h3><span style="font-family: helvetica;">Why Quantum Machine Learning?</span></h3><div><span style="font-family: helvetica;">In 2017, Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella explained the difference in computing power and method of classic and quantum computers using an example of a corn maze. The modern-day classical computers would use the brute force and backtracking algorithm to find a path through the maze.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: helvetica;">It would choose a path, hit an obstruction, backtrack to the original starting point, choose another path and continue until it finds a way out. It will surely find a solution but at the cost of a lot of time. Imagine your mobile is draining its battery and the algorithm is running for long with no final solution.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: helvetica;">This is where quantum computers come to rescue. They unlock amazing parallelism and traverse every path in the corn maze simultaneously to find you an optimal solution in very less time and an exponentially reduced number of steps. It’s like sending a ‘n’ number of drones to the ‘n’ number of paths and get all the results, i.e. path information in unit time.</span></div></div><div><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><br /></span></div><h3><span style="font-family: helvetica;">Where Can We Apply Quantum Machine Learning?</span></h3><div><div><ul><li><span style="font-family: helvetica;">Model classical data on quantum computers, or create novel quantum- inspired classical algorithms for faster computation and better results.</span></li><li><span style="font-family: helvetica;">As the feature space of the problem domain expands, the computations become really expensive for classical computers. Using superposition and other quantum properties, quantum machine learning helps extensively in kernel evaluation and optimization.</span></li><li><span style="font-family: helvetica;">Quantum machine learning also has the capability of mapping the trillions of neurons in our brain and decoding the genetic makeup.</span></li><li><span style="font-family: helvetica;">Supervised learning and adaptive layer-wise learning with the help of quantum classifiers and neural networks</span></li></ul><div><span style="font-family: helvetica;">More seminar topics related to Quantum Machine Learning:</span></div></div></div><div><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><br /></span></div><div><div><span style="font-family: helvetica;">Quantum Cryptography</span></div><div><span style="font-family: helvetica;">Quantum Internet</span></div><div><span style="font-family: helvetica;">Quantum Processing Units</span></div><div><span style="font-family: helvetica;">Quantum Supremacy</span></div><div><span style="font-family: helvetica;">Quantum Network</span></div><div><span style="font-family: helvetica;">Quantum Logic Gate</span></div><div><span style="font-family: helvetica;">Quantum neural networks</span></div></div><div><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><br /></span></div></div><b><span style="font-family: helvetica;">Sources / References:</span></b><div><b><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><br /></span></b><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264825604_Quantum_Machine_Learning_What_Quantum_Computing_Means_to_Data_Mining</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">https://pennylane.ai/qml/whatisqml.html</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/working-of-quantum-machine-learning/</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: helvetica;">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_machine_learning</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4368694835821818732.post-32457883951492862252021-05-11T17:57:00.004+05:302021-05-11T17:58:14.017+05:30Brain computer interface<h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Brain computer interface Abstract:</span></h3><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">A brain-computer interface (BCI), also referred to as a mind-machine interface (MMI) or a brain-machine interface (BMI), provides a non-muscular channel of communication between the human brain and a computer system. With the advancements in low-cost electronics and computer interface equipment, as well as the need to serve people suffering from disabilities of neuromuscular disorders, a new field of research has emerged by understanding different functions of the brain. The electroencephalogram (EEG) is an electrical activity generated by brain structures and recorded from the scalp surface through electrodes. Researchers primarily rely on EEG to characterise the brain activity, because it can be recorded non-invasively by using portable equipment. The EEG or the brain activity can be used in real time to control external devices via a complete BCI system. A typical BCI scheme generally consists of a data acquisition system, pre-processing of the acquired signals, feature extraction process, classification of the features, post-processing of the classifier output, and finally the control interface and device controller. The post-processed output signals are translated into appropriate commands so as to control output devices, with several applications such as robotic arms, video games, wheelchair etc.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiQMwJ4nHzxs12t_gVk4xgLSMSyAmWu6sxG-OjFntJGn87SEtHcBZUujrWmAWkqVxwpMpytQRsE8zdRd8TV87sdysaYfkvQaVVHay7ASgQDaZp6soKloNxDURyhAFAAOvWAu8LvhzI3T4h/s1000/brain+computer+interface+-+seminar+topics.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="599" data-original-width="1000" height="384" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiQMwJ4nHzxs12t_gVk4xgLSMSyAmWu6sxG-OjFntJGn87SEtHcBZUujrWmAWkqVxwpMpytQRsE8zdRd8TV87sdysaYfkvQaVVHay7ASgQDaZp6soKloNxDURyhAFAAOvWAu8LvhzI3T4h/w640-h384/brain+computer+interface+-+seminar+topics.jpeg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span><p></p><h3 style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Brain-Computer Interfacing: An Introduction</span></h3><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">The idea of interfacing minds with machines has long captured the human imagination. Recent advances in neuroscience and engineering are making this idea a reality, opening the door to restoring and potentially augmenting human physical and mental capabilities. Medical applications such as cochlear implants for the deaf and deep brain stimulation for Parkinson’s disease are becoming increasingly commonplace. Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) (also known as brain-machine interfaces or BMIs) are now being explored in applications as diverse as security, lie detection, alertness monitoring, telepresence, gaming, education, art, and human augmentation. This introduction to the field is designed as a textbook for upper-level undergraduate and first-year graduate courses in neural engineering or brain-computer interfacing for students from a wide range of disciplines. It can also be used for self-study and as a reference by neuroscientists, computer scientists, engineers, and medical practitioners.</span></p><h3 style="text-align: justify;"><br /></h3><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><b><span style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Reference</span></span><span style="font-family: verdana;"> Link:</span></b></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7449615</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">http://bci.cs.washington.edu/</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain%E2%80%93computer_interface</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">https://www.atera.com/blog/cognitive-systems-teaching-technology-to-learn/</span></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4368694835821818732.post-24597483542159121812021-01-17T17:25:00.004+05:302021-01-17T17:25:30.852+05:30Digital twin (DT)<h3 style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> Abstract on Digital twin (DT):</span></h3><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Digital twin (DT) is one of the most promising enabling technologies for realizing smart manufacturing and Industry 4.0. DTs are characterized by the seamless integration between the cyber and physical spaces. The importance of DTs is increasingly recognized by both academia and industry. It has been almost 15 years since the concept of the DT was initially proposed. To date, many DT applications have been successfully implemented in different industries, including product design, production, prognostics and health management, and some other fields. However, at present, no paper has focused on the review of DT applications in industry. In an effort to understand the development and application of DTs in industry, this paper thoroughly reviews the state-of-the-art of the DT research concerning the key components of DTs, the current development of DTs, and the major DT applications in industry. This paper also outlines the current challenges and some possible directions for future work.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6Q-e3UnOhdCcpPs1XTooAHBFOItqWLDLtpX2ZEl1nHIe5BOuNwM_HdQYn_JxYfLqtYAynih20RxZ10SM_OI2cLxD1UejcwTUcqiWBvhIk16Lu1b1E26nYHjdQ1CwvIgeo_bWZWg3QeoHy/s784/Digital+twin+%2528DT%2529-+seminar+topic+2021.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Digital twin (DT) - computer seminar topics 2021" border="0" data-original-height="379" data-original-width="784" height="310" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6Q-e3UnOhdCcpPs1XTooAHBFOItqWLDLtpX2ZEl1nHIe5BOuNwM_HdQYn_JxYfLqtYAynih20RxZ10SM_OI2cLxD1UejcwTUcqiWBvhIk16Lu1b1E26nYHjdQ1CwvIgeo_bWZWg3QeoHy/w640-h310/Digital+twin+%2528DT%2529-+seminar+topic+2021.jpg" title="Digital twin (DT)" width="640" /></a></div><br /><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span><p></p><h3 style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">What is a digital twin?</span></h3><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">A digital twin is a digital representation of a physical object or system. The technology behind digital twins has expanded to include large items such as buildings, factories and even cities, and some have said people and processes can have digital twins, expanding the concept even further. The idea first arose at NASA: full-scale mockups of early space capsules, used on the ground to mirror and diagnose problems in orbit, eventually gave way to fully digital simulations.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">But the term really took off after Gartner named digital twins as one of its top 10 strategic technology trends for 2017 saying that within three to five years, “billions of things will be represented by digital twins, a dynamic software model of a physical thing or system". A year later, Gartner once again named digital twins as a top trend, saying that “with an estimated 21 billion connected sensors and endpoints by 2020, digital twins will exist for billions of things in the near future."</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">In essence, a digital twin is a computer program that takes real-world data about a physical object or system as inputs and produces as outputs predications or simulations of how that physical object or system will be affected by those inputs.</span></p><h3 style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Why and How to Design Digital Twins?</span></h3><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">As mentioned above, digital twins can be created for a wide range of applications, for example, to test a prototype or design, assess how a product or process will work under different conditions, and determine and monitor lifecycles.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">A digital twin design is made by gathering data and creating computational models to test it. This can include an interface between the digital model and an actual physical object to send and receive feedback and data in real time.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></p><h3 style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Data</span></h3><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">A digital twin requires data about an object or process in order for a virtual model to be created that can represent the behaviours or states of the real world item or procedure. This data may relate to the lifecycle of a product and include design specifications, production processes or engineering information. It can also include production information including equipment, materials, parts, methods and quality control. Data can also be related to operation, such as real-time feedback, historical analysis and maintenance records. Other data used in digital twin design can include business data or end-of-life procedures.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></p><h3 style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Modelling</span></h3><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Once the data has been gathered it can be used to create computational analytical models to show operating effects, predict states such as fatigue, and determine behaviours. These models can prescribe actions based on engineering simulations, physics, chemistry, statistics, machine learning, artificial intelligence, business logic or objectives. These models can be displayed via 3D representations and augmented reality modelling in order to aid human understanding of the findings.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></p><h3 style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Linking</span></h3><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">The findings from digital twins can be linked to create an overview, such as by taking the findings of equipment twins and putting them into a production line twin, which can then inform a factory-scale digital twin. By using linked digital twins in this way it is possible to enable smart industrial applications for real world operational developments and improvements.</span></p><h3 style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Where is it Used?</span></h3><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Digital twins are used in a wide variety of industries for a range of applications and purposes. Some notable examples include:</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Manufacture</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Automotive</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Retail</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Healthcare</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Disaster Management</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Smart Cities</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>References: </b></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8477101</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">https://www.networkworld.com/article/3280225/what-is-digital-twin-technology-and-why-it-matters.html</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_twin</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">https://www.twi-global.com/technical-knowledge/faqs/what-is-digital-twin</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4368694835821818732.post-62353341298024369382021-01-17T15:34:00.002+05:302021-01-17T15:34:40.743+05:30Microsoft Hololens<h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"> Abstract</span></h3><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span style="text-align: justify;">Seminar on Hololens is Microsoft’s take on augmented reality, which they call “mixed reality”. Using </span><span style="text-align: justify;">multiple sensors, advanced optics, and holographic processing that melds seamlessly with its environment, These holograms can be used to display information, blend with the real world, or even simulate a virtual world. </span><br /></span><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Microsoft HoloLens, known under development as Project Baraboo, are a pair of mixed reality smartglasses developed and manufactured by Microsoft. HoloLens was the first head-mounted display running the Windows Mixed Reality platform under the Windows 10 computer operating system. The tracking technology used in HoloLens can trace its lineage to Kinect, an add-on for Microsoft's Xbox game console that was introduced in 2010</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi90seTOrdm-Ux_RMXHtWY9eBpZVGVDqwRK7AQNoo73Psxvo90B6oWG_oiGpIFreoGl6S-69LvvAJsGjpsc7kV9Lv1xfjeDA-OipQHG9kfD9-_7H4wn3KjquO33tn3Gz93X0PQ9sfBrBo8U/s1259/Microsoft+Hololens+1+-+seminar+topic+2021.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Microsoft Hololens seminar topic 2021" border="0" data-original-height="709" data-original-width="1259" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi90seTOrdm-Ux_RMXHtWY9eBpZVGVDqwRK7AQNoo73Psxvo90B6oWG_oiGpIFreoGl6S-69LvvAJsGjpsc7kV9Lv1xfjeDA-OipQHG9kfD9-_7H4wn3KjquO33tn3Gz93X0PQ9sfBrBo8U/w640-h360/Microsoft+Hololens+1+-+seminar+topic+2021.jpg" title="Microsoft Hololens" width="640" /></a></div><br /><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><h3><span style="font-family: verdana;">What Is HoloLens?</span></h3><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDg5DAtDybyhenL_y5H-Rzff_hG-pLn0o7jaCWk14R0Yqb79kj7_Utq4hhNXrHTWwIVoJEeMtseVGPvNONYeVCoSYL9e2sBqTbZ6WR2pT7FsFHfY3d5MMjs440Kl9v_fPX9hDpdHJLd45-/s800/Microsoft+Hololens+-+seminar+topic+2021.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Microsoft Hololens - seminar topic 2021" border="0" data-original-height="450" data-original-width="800" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDg5DAtDybyhenL_y5H-Rzff_hG-pLn0o7jaCWk14R0Yqb79kj7_Utq4hhNXrHTWwIVoJEeMtseVGPvNONYeVCoSYL9e2sBqTbZ6WR2pT7FsFHfY3d5MMjs440Kl9v_fPX9hDpdHJLd45-/w400-h225/Microsoft+Hololens+-+seminar+topic+2021.jpg" title="Microsoft Hololens" width="400" /></a></div>HoloLens is an untethered, fully self-contained Windows 10 computer that rests comfortably on your head. It’s what’s known as a mixed reality device, a device that tries to blend the real and digital worlds. You see objects placed in the world that look and—to an extent—act like they’re in the real world. In contrast, VR immerses you in an environment and you typically don’t see anything around you but that virtual world. You generally aren’t visually aware of the real world outside your head-mounted display (HMD). This experience can take you flying in outer space while you sit in your office chair. And AR tries to enhance the world around you with extra data, such as markers, or heads-up information that may pertain to your location. Some AR headsets simply throw text and images on a screen overlapping whatever you’re looking at.</span></div><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: verdana;">With the HoloLens, you can bring applications and objects into the world around you that understand your environment. If you want an application pinned to the wall or in mid-air like a digital screen, no problem. Such apps stay put, even when you leave your room and come back the next day. I’m constantly leaving virtual windows open in other rooms, to be surprised when I go back days later and they’re still there. And that’s not all. Suppose you want a skeleton standing in front of you in your living room that you can walk around and inspect (including climbing on your couch to look at the top of the head). Again, no problem. Drop a virtual 3D object, say a ball—referred to as a hologram—into your world and it will fall and hit your real table and stop. Move the table and the ball will fall and hit your real floor. The HoloLens understands the world around you and most are absolutely amazed the first time they try it (though I’m still waiting to be able to download Kung Fu into my brain).</span></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><h3>How does it work?</h3><div><br /></div><div>The Hololens has a plethora of optical sensors, with two on each side for peripheral “environment understanding” sensing, a main downward facing depth camera to pick up hand motions, and specialized speakers that simulate sound from anywhere in the room. The Hololens also has several microphones, an HD camera, an ambient light sensor, and Microsoft’s custom “Holographic Processing Unit” that they claim has more processing power than the average laptop. All this comes together to sense the spatial orientation of the unit in the room, track walls and objects in the room, and blend holograms into the environment.</div></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="297" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/FWYcuHUgcng" width="417" youtube-src-id="FWYcuHUgcng"></iframe></div><br /><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Reference:</b></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">https://www.gvsu.edu/cms4/asset/7E70FBB5-0BBC-EF4C-A56CBB9121AECA7F/7_things_about_microsoft_hololens.pdf</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_HoloLens</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/archive/msdn-magazine/2016/november/hololens-introduction-to-the-hololens</span></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4368694835821818732.post-40120260634877874862021-01-03T17:51:00.002+05:302021-06-23T11:12:49.149+05:30Digital Currency<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Digital currencies, also known as e-money, are now more popular than ever. Until recently, digital currency lacked the security to eliminate the need for paper money. However, with the rise of the internet and the advent of blockchain technology, this is no longer the case. Today, digital money is set to change the market forever.</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaz4Fl-chDE6EKjJa6MeTcEmGeoQfyKwgDmlYH1-wAeCtShORB5T9irkI7-9MyDoC9ThvqYxFffZU2szlZDVoRbrEMXXYvUILs2tnoOtTfhv_XgFnNDorUhdeRZp2cS5HCScAF0WNKNrsV/s725/digital+currency+seminar+topics.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="digital currency seminar topics 2021" border="0" data-original-height="482" data-original-width="725" height="426" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaz4Fl-chDE6EKjJa6MeTcEmGeoQfyKwgDmlYH1-wAeCtShORB5T9irkI7-9MyDoC9ThvqYxFffZU2szlZDVoRbrEMXXYvUILs2tnoOtTfhv_XgFnNDorUhdeRZp2cS5HCScAF0WNKNrsV/w640-h426/digital+currency+seminar+topics.jpg" title="digital currency seminar topics" width="640" /></a></div><br /><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Importantly, digital currencies fill all the uses of traditional forms of money. You can purchase goods or pay for services via these technologically superior financial alternatives. Digital money provides users with instantaneous transactions and more transparency in the market. As such, more countries plan to unveil some form of digital currency in the next couple of years.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div><b>What Is Digital Currency?</b></div><div><br /></div><div>Digital currency is a form of currency that is available only in digital or electronic form, and not in physical form. It is also called digital money, electronic money, electronic currency, or cyber cash.</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div><b>History of Digital Currencies</b></div><div><br /></div><div>An American computer scientist by the name of David Chaum is credited with developing the first concept for digital currencies way back in 1983. By 2990, Chaum created a working model of his theory dubbed – DigiCash. The concept was years ahead of its time. Consequently, it never gained the momentum needed to survive in the market.</div><div><br /></div><div>The first recorded public use of digital currency in a wide-scale emerged in 1996. The currency, known as e-gold secured millions of active users before it was shut down by government officials in 2008. From that point, a myriad of corporate-sponsored digital currencies entered the market.</div><div><br /></div><div>All of these digital currencies encountered a problem known as “double-spend.” Basically, developers struggled to develop ways to ensure that each digital currency could only be spent one time during transactions. This issue saw resolution with the introduction of the world’s first Cryptocurrency – Bitcoin.</div><div><br /></div><div><div><b>How does the Digital Currency Work?</b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div>There are many different types of Digital Currency that could be found all around the world. The working of all these different currencies are basically almost the same. The most difficult part to understand in the working of digital currency is the blockchain network. The blockchain is a technology that is the foundation for all the digital currencies, but they are not bound to any single type of currency. Blockchain of digital money is a specific protocol that the digital currency follows. This protocol helps the creation and use of digital money. Some criteria are specified by the blockchain protocol that must be unique to every currency being produced. These criterions are as follows:</div><div><br /></div><div><ul><li>Unique and non-replicable</li><li>Limited in supply</li><li>Durable</li><li>Divisible</li><li>Uniform</li><li>Non- refundable.</li></ul></div><div><br /></div><div>Blockchain protocol is compulsory while developing a digital currency. Once the digital currency is created, it must be accessible to people for use. Here comes the concept of “mining”.</div><div><br /></div><div>The digital currency’s network is a place where all sorts of transactions related to the currency have taken place. Any new transactions are divided into “blocks”. These blocks are confirmed by the miners and validated by multiple users throughout the network before they are added to the end of the chain. Once the block is confirmed, it is sealed and recorded on the public blockchain ledger.</div><div><br /></div><div>After the digital currency is mined, or transferred between users, it must be stored in some place. That storage space is called the Digital currency Wallet. These are software that is capable to keep the digital currencies securely for an infinite period. The digital currencies are encrypted. So, they have a public key and at least one private key. Some digital wallets are secured using the feature of multi-signature.</div></div><div><br /></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><div><b>The Future of Digital Currency</b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div>Given the current state of the world, digital currencies are set to explode in the coming year. Today, there is a robust digital infrastructure in place to support the mass adoption of these currencies. Additionally, their development is being catapulted into the spotlight thanks to the Coronavirus pandemic. You can expect to see this trend continue as more people across the world gain access to high-speed internet. For now, digital currencies such as Bitcoin continue to reshape the international communities’ definition of money.</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><h2 style="background-color: white; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(162, 169, 177); font-family: "Linux Libertine", Georgia, Times, serif; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.3; margin: 1em 0px 0.25em; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; text-align: start;"><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span></h2></div><div><br /></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_currency">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_currency</a></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/digital-currency.asp">https://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/digital-currency.asp</a></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://www.securities.io/what-is-a-digital-currency/">https://www.securities.io/what-is-a-digital-currency/</a></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://techlabuzz.com/what-is-digital-currency-how-digital-currency-works/">https://techlabuzz.com/what-is-digital-currency-how-digital-currency-works/</a></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div></span><a href="https://seminarprojecttopics.blogspot.com/2021/06/facebook-digital-currency-diem-libra.html">Facebook Digital Currency - Diem (Libra)</a>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4368694835821818732.post-48043940382807534142020-08-09T23:22:00.007+05:302020-08-09T23:47:41.447+05:30DNA digital data storage<h3 style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> Abstract on DNA digital data storage </span></h3><p style="text-align: justify;"><span>Digital data has changed the use and access of information. Everyday lot of data is produced and this requires high-density storage devices which can retain values for a long time. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) can be potentially used for these purposes as it is not much different from the conventional method used in a computer. DNA can be used as a robust and high-density storage device even under unfavourable conditions. Theoretically, one can encode 2 bits per nucleotide in DNA which can store 455 exabytes per gram maximum data in single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). In this paper, the method described can be used to store text data in DNA by compressing, storing multiple copies along with providing security to data.</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><h3 style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5-03uM-c-N6bCLUb0fcw7KjHIkXf_HKr6ibCyXBj6a3-eOCBZOYFucZN3PnQOyvJxD9TbmhX3wEBpZkQmzAr-XOhCPuZk6i9Qj-2k-AlfOa1O4ayHrh0WwU823PuN4Crbzn23P0PqS5fi/s1280/DNA+digital+data+storage+-+seminar+topic.jpeg" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0px; text-align: center;"><span style="color: black; font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="1280" height="256" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5-03uM-c-N6bCLUb0fcw7KjHIkXf_HKr6ibCyXBj6a3-eOCBZOYFucZN3PnQOyvJxD9TbmhX3wEBpZkQmzAr-XOhCPuZk6i9Qj-2k-AlfOa1O4ayHrh0WwU823PuN4Crbzn23P0PqS5fi/w512-h256/DNA+digital+data+storage+-+seminar+topic.jpeg" width="512" /></span></a><span style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Introduction</span></span></h3></div><p style="text-align: justify;"><span>The demand for data storage devices is increasing day by day as more and more data is generated every day. Total information in digital format in the year 2012 was about 2.7 zettabytes. Presently devices such as optical discs, portable hard drives, and flash drives are used to store data. But silicon and the other non-biodegradable materials used in data storage pollute the environment. Also, they are available in limited quantities. Thus, they would be exhausted one day. The linear density of digital storage device is 10 kb per square mm. Hence, newer technology is needed for data storage and archival process. As the data increases, the current data storage technology would not be enough to store data in future as data is growing every day. Even potentially important information can get lost due lack of storage space. </span></p><h3 style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">How does DNA digital data storage work?</span></h3><p style="text-align: justify;"><span>The digital data is encoded in a DNA sequence, the corresponding sequence information is synthesized into an artificial DNA and the information is decoded by sequencing the artificial DNA strand. This is the exact path of storing and retrieving digital data from DNA.</span></p><h3 style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;">Encoding data into the DNA sequence:</span></h3><p style="text-align: justify;"><span>The computer is worked on a binary system of 1 and 2. In the very first step, digital data is incorporated into the DNA. The DNA has 4 nitrogenous bases: Adenine (A), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G) and Thymine (T). For storing data into the DNA, the A, T, G and C bases of DNA first converted into binary codes 1 and 0. </span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span>00 for A, 01 for G, 10 for C and 11 for T are the binary codes for storing information. The information in the binary form is converted into the sequence of A, T, G, C. Now we have the long digital sequence of DNA.</span></p><p><span>References:</span></p><p><span>https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303318968_Digital_Data_Storage_on_DNA</span></p><p><span>https://geneticeducation.co.in/dna-digital-data-storage/</span></p><p><span>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_digital_data_storage</span></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4368694835821818732.post-72611145671964393912020-05-10T19:39:00.000+05:302020-05-10T19:50:19.571+05:30Spatial computing<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Abstract on Spatial computing</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Spatial computing is human interaction with a machine in which the machine retains and manipulates referents to real objects and spaces. It is an essential component for making our machines fuller partners in our work and play. This thesis presents a series of experiments in the discipline and analysis of its fundamental properties.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Spatial Computing is the practice of using physical space to send input to and receive output from a computer.</span><br />
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What is spatial computing ?</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Spatial computing is digital technology that interacts with us in the places we live, work and play. A spatial computer, like Magic Leap 1, knows where it is in space. It uses a variety of sensors and cameras to build an understanding of both its environment and its user. This enables immersive, mixed-reality experiences that seamlessly blend the digital and the real world.</span></div>
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Spatial Computing Devices</span></h3>
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<b><span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">VR Headsets</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Hardware development in the last few years has accelerated to the point where we have a large spectrum of wearable Virtual Reality products. These include the high-end HTC Vive, Oculus Rift, and Samsung Gear VR all the way to economical smartphone-powered headsets at most major retailers.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">Glasses and goggles equipped to project data and two-dimensional imagery are more of a specialty product than VR headsets. They’re generally designed for workplace and industrial applications. Products like the Google Glass and Vuzix Blade are good examples, but with Microsoft’s HoloLens and Magic Leap’s Lightwear poised to access mainstream consumers, we will soon see AR wearables gaining ground on their larger, heavier VR counterparts. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">A hybrid wearable is one that shifts effectively between VR and AR – ideally encompassing MR as well. A truly versatile holistic pair of XR glasses is still in the R&D phase with several tech giants. We expect to see huge players like Apple, Samsung, Google, and Microsoft acquiring start-ups, cherry-picking the best cutting edge XR hardware and software until they can produce affordable consumer-ready glasses that realize the hybrid dream. It’s not decades away, but it’s not here yet.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">https://www.stambol.com/2019/03/12/spatial-computing-in-less-than-140-characters-and-more/</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "verdana" , sans-serif;">https://medium.com/@victoragulhon/what-is-spatial-computing-777fae84a499</span><br />
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4368694835821818732.post-35565154072692962982020-05-10T17:07:00.001+05:302020-05-10T17:07:43.000+05:30latest seminar topics on Computer security for Computer Science <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<b>Computer security, cybersecurity or information technology security (IT security)</b> is the protection of computer systems and networks from the theft of or damage to their hardware, software, or electronic data, as well as from the disruption or misdirection of the services they provide.The field is becoming more important due to increased reliance on computer systems, the Internet and wireless network standards such as Bluetooth and Wi-Fi, and due to the growth of "smart" devices, including smartphones, televisions, and the various devices that constitute the "Internet of things". Owing to its complexity, both in terms of politics and technology, cybersecurity is also one of the major challenges in the contemporary world.<br />
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Internet security<br />
Automotive security<br />
Cybersex trafficking<br />
Cyberwarfare<br />
Computer security<br />
Mobile security<br />
Network security<br />
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Advanced persistent threat<br />
Computer crime<br />
Vulnerabilities<br />
Eavesdropping<br />
Malware<br />
Spyware<br />
Ransomware<br />
Trojans<br />
Viruses<br />
Worms<br />
Rootkits<br />
Bootkits<br />
Keyloggers<br />
Screen scrapers<br />
Exploits<br />
Backdoors<br />
Logic bombs<br />
Payloads<br />
Denial of service<br />
Web shells<br />
Web application security<br />
Phishing<br />
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Computer access control<br />
Application security<br />
Antivirus software<br />
Secure coding<br />
Secure by default<br />
Secure by design<br />
Secure operating systems<br />
Authentication<br />
Multi-factor authentication<br />
Authorization<br />
Data-centric security<br />
Encryption<br />
Firewall<br />
Intrusion detection system<br />
Mobile secure gateway<br />
Runtime application self-protection (RASP)</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4368694835821818732.post-72577843529465269932020-05-10T16:46:00.000+05:302020-05-10T16:46:35.796+05:30latest seminar topics on computer science Edge detection,Virtual private cloud,Data science,Machine learning<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Edge detection includes a variety of mathematical methods that aim at identifying points in a digital image at which the image brightness changes sharply or, more formally, has discontinuities. The points at which image brightness changes sharply are typically organized into a set of curved line segments termed edges. The same problem of finding discontinuities in one-dimensional signals is known as step detection and the problem of finding signal discontinuities over time is known as change detection. Edge detection is a fundamental tool in image processing, machine vision and computer vision, particularly in the areas of feature detection and feature extraction.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">A virtual private cloud (VPC) is an on-demand configurable pool of shared computing resources allocated within a public cloud environment, providing a certain level of isolation between the different organizations (denoted as users hereafter) using the resources. The isolation between one VPC user and all other users of the same cloud (other VPC users as well as other public cloud users) is achieved normally through allocation of a private IP subnet and a virtual communication construct (such as a VLAN or a set of encrypted communication channels) per user. In a VPC, the previously described mechanism, providing isolation within the cloud, is accompanied with a VPN function (again, allocated per VPC user) that secures, by means of authentication and encryption, the remote access of the organization to its VPC resources. With the introduction of the described isolation levels, an organization using this service is in effect working on a 'virtually private' cloud (that is, as if the cloud infrastructure is not shared with other users), and hence the name VPC. VPC is most commonly used in the context of cloud infrastructure as a service. In this context, the infrastructure provider, providing the underlying public cloud infrastructure, and the provider realizing the VPC service over this infrastructure, may</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Data science is an inter-disciplinary field that uses scientific methods, processes, algorithms and systems to extract knowledge and insights from many structural and unstructured data. Data science is related to data mining, deep learning and big data. Data science is a "concept to unify statistics, data analysis, machine learning and their related methods" in order to "understand and analyze actual phenomena" with data. It uses techniques and theories drawn from many fields within the context of mathematics, statistics, computer science, and information science. Turing award winner Jim Gray imagined data science as a "fourth paradigm" of science (empirical, theoretical, computational and now data-driven) and asserted that "everything about science is changing because of the impact of information technology" and the data deluge.</span><br />
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Machine learning</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Machine learning (ML) is the study of computer algorithms that improve automatically through experience. It is seen as a subset of artificial intelligence. Machine learning algorithms build a mathematical model based on sample data, known as "training data", in order to make predictions or decisions without being explicitly programmed to do so. Machine learning algorithms are used in a wide variety of applications, such as email filtering and computer vision, where it is difficult or infeasible to develop conventional algorithms to perform the needed tasks.</span><br />
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VLAN hopping</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">VLAN hopping is a computer security exploit, a method of attacking networked resources on a virtual LAN (VLAN). The basic concept behind all VLAN hopping attacks is for an attacking host on a VLAN to gain access to traffic on other VLANs that would normally not be accessible. There are two primary methods of VLAN hopping: switch spoofing and double tagging. Both attack vectors can be mitigated with proper switch port configuration.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Data miningis the process of discovering patterns in large data sets involving methods at the intersection of machine learning, statistics, and database systems. Data mining is an interdisciplinary subfield of computer science and statistics with an overall goal to extract information (with intelligent methods) from a data set and transform the information into a comprehensible structure for further use. Data mining is the analysis step of the "knowledge discovery in databases" process or KDD. Aside from the raw analysis step, it also involves database and data management aspects, data pre-processing, model and inference considerations, interestingness metrics, complexity considerations, post-processing of discovered structures, visualization, and online updating.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">A virtual LAN (VLAN) is any broadcast domain that is partitioned and isolated in a computer network at the data link layer (OSI layer 2). LAN is the abbreviation for local area network and in this context virtual refers to a physical object recreated and altered by additional logic. VLANs work by applying tags to network frames and handling these tags in networking systems – creating the appearance and functionality of network traffic that is physically on a single network but acts as if it is split between separate networks. In this way, VLANs can keep network applications separate despite being connected to the same physical network, and without requiring multiple sets of cabling and networking devices to be deployed.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Sass (short for syntactically awesome style sheets) is a style sheet language initially designed by Hampton Catlin and developed by Natalie Weizenbaum. After its initial versions, Weizenbaum and Chris Eppstein have continued to extend Sass with SassScript, a scripting language used in Sass files.Sass is a preprocessor scripting language that is interpreted or compiled into Cascading Style Sheets (CSS). SassScript is the scripting language itself. Sass consists of two syntaxes. The original syntax, called "the indented syntax," uses a syntax similar to Haml. It uses indentation to separate code blocks and newline characters to separate rules. The newer syntax, "SCSS" (Sassy CSS), uses block formatting like that of CSS. It uses braces to denote code blocks and semicolons to separate rules within a block. The indented syntax and SCSS files are traditionally given the extensions .sass and .scss, respectively.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">A virtual private network (VPN) extends a private network across a public network and enables users to send and receive data across shared or public networks as if their computing devices were directly connected to the private network. Applications running on an end system (PC, smartphone etc.) across a VPN may therefore benefit from the functionality, security, and management of the private network. Encryption is a common, though not an inherent, part of a VPN connection.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Enterprise resource planning (ERP) is business process management software that allows an organization to use a system of integrated applications to manage the business and automate many back office functions related to technology, services and human resources. ERP software integrates all facets of an operation, including product planning, development, manufacturing, sales and marketing. An important goal oF ERP is to facilitate the flow of information so business decisions can be data-driven. ERP software suites are built to collect and organize data from various levels of an organization to provide management with insight into key performance indicators (KPIs) in real time.</span></div>
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Claytronics</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">Claytronics is a system designed to implement the concept of programmable matter, that is, material which can be manipulated electronically in three dimensions in the same way that two-dimensional images can be manipulated through computer graphics. Such materials would be composed of “catoms” — claytronics atoms — which would, in analogy with actual atoms, be the smallest indivisible units of the programmable matter. As of 2006 researchers have already created a prototype catom that is 44 millimeters in diameter. The goal is to eventually produce catoms that are one or two millimeters in diameter-small enough to produce convincing replicas.</span><br />
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04142756353749779863noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4368694835821818732.post-23829450450329506802020-05-10T13:09:00.003+05:302020-05-10T13:43:30.662+05:30Google cloud computing (GCP)<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Abstract on Google cloud computing:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><b>Google Cloud Platform (GCP)</b> is Google’s public cloud offering comparable to Amazon Web Services and Microsoft Azure. The difference is that GCP is built upon Google's massive, cutting-edge infrastructure that handles the traffic and workload of all Google users. There is a wide range of services available in GCP ranging from Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS), Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) to completely managed Software-as-a-Service (SaaS). We will discuss the available infrastructure components and how they provide a powerful and flexible foundation on which to build your applications.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNbXoYuCkztfGVvo1T_0hUQ0FaD_C8P4tKHdHe5b_rnKo0pQAnUWliEvTz7G6MKRrQhBzV3aiUozpu4Vvo8IjaM1EGOUnZD6gXQL3spckuvpkX3xxpIS32zbw-UHUqOQEO5qpOAMb4D_tN/s1600/Google+Cloud+Platform+%2528GCP%2529+-+seminar+topic.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><img border="0" data-original-height="395" data-original-width="700" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNbXoYuCkztfGVvo1T_0hUQ0FaD_C8P4tKHdHe5b_rnKo0pQAnUWliEvTz7G6MKRrQhBzV3aiUozpu4Vvo8IjaM1EGOUnZD6gXQL3spckuvpkX3xxpIS32zbw-UHUqOQEO5qpOAMb4D_tN/s320/Google+Cloud+Platform+%2528GCP%2529+-+seminar+topic.png" width="320" /></span></a><span style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Google Cloud Platform (GCP) is one of the leaders among cloud APIs. Although it was established only five years ago, GCP has gained notable expansion due to its suite of public cloud services that it based on a huge, solid infrastructure. GCP allows developers to use these services by accessing GCP RESTful API that is described through HTML pages on its website. However, the documentation of GCP API is written in natural language (English prose) and therefore shows several drawbacks, such as Informal Heterogeneous Documentation, Imprecise Types, Implicit Attribute Metadata, Hidden Links, Redundancy and Lack of Visual Support.</span></span></div>
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What is <a href="https://seminarprojecttopics.blogspot.com/2015/09/cloud-computing.html" target="_blank">Cloud Computing</a>:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Cloud computing is a highly scalable and cost-effective infrastructure for running HPC, enterprise and Web applications. However, the growing demand of Cloud infrastructure has drastically increased the energy consumption of data centers, which has become a critical issue. High energy consumption not only translates to high operational cost, which reduces the profit margin of Cloud providers, but also leads to high carbon emissions which is not environmentally friendly. Hence, energy-efficient solutions are required to minimize the impact of Cloud computing on the environment. In order to design such solutions, deep analysis of Cloud is required with respect to their power efficiency. <b><a href="https://seminarprojecttopics.blogspot.com/2015/09/cloud-computing.html" target="_blank">For more about Seminar Topic on Cloud Computing Check here</a></b></span></div>
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What is google cloud computing:</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Google Cloud Platform (GCP), offered by Google, is a suite of cloud computing services that runs on the same infrastructure that Google uses internally for its end-user products, such as Google Search, Gmail and YouTube.Alongside a set of management tools, it provides a series of modular cloud services including computing, data storage, data analytics and machine learning. Registration requires a credit card or bank account details.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Google Cloud Platform provides infrastructure as a service, platform as a service, and serverless computing environments.</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqX3YNDd-pUPFUc-kdUyQGU2UB87Ms1_cwqTFi6d3x3rWIoOVl3Wp50B6HmE-3FHM4pT7-S7uVs1ywZwZ5YehSy4ziOSzTWTeQBsl0LpYAibuUr_oD4pvLe6OkwhgGY5MkuI63wn27phD2/s1600/Google+Cloud+reference+architecture+-+seminar+toic.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1568" data-original-width="1600" height="625" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqX3YNDd-pUPFUc-kdUyQGU2UB87Ms1_cwqTFi6d3x3rWIoOVl3Wp50B6HmE-3FHM4pT7-S7uVs1ywZwZ5YehSy4ziOSzTWTeQBsl0LpYAibuUr_oD4pvLe6OkwhgGY5MkuI63wn27phD2/s640/Google+Cloud+reference+architecture+-+seminar+toic.png" width="640" /></span></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">https://cloud.google.com/migrate/compute-engine/docs/4.5/concepts/architecture/gcp-reference-architecture</span></div>
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What are Google Cloud Platform (GCP) Services?</span></h3>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Google offers a wide range of Services. Following are the major Google Cloud Services:</span></div>
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<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Storage and Databases</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Big Data</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Machine Learning</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Identity & Security</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Management and Developer Tools</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Cloud AI</span></li>
<li><a href="https://seminarprojecttopics.blogspot.com/2020/01/internet-of-things-iot-seminar-topic.html" target="_blank"><b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">IoT</span></b></a></li>
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<b><span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Reference Site:</span></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Cloud_Platform</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">https://www.edureka.co/blog/what-is-google-cloud-platform/</span></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4368694835821818732.post-29012548871932718552020-05-03T12:08:00.003+05:302021-06-25T20:23:36.674+05:30Web Scraping <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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From the evolution of WWW, the scenario of internet user and data exchange is fastly changes. As common people join the internet and start to use it, lots of new techniques are promoted to boost up the network. At the same time, to enhance computers and network facility new technologies were introduces which results into automatically decreasing in cost of hardware and website’s related costs. Due to all these changes, large number of users are joined and use the internet facilities. Daily use of internet cose in to a tremendous data is available on internet. Business, academician, researchers all are share their advertisements, information on internet so that they can be connected to people fastly and easily. </span></div>
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As a result of exchange, share and store data on internet, a new problem is arise that how to handle such data overload and how the user will get or access the best information in least efforts. To solve this issues, researcher spotout new technique called Web Scraping. Web scraping is very imperative technique which is used to generate structured data on the basis of available unstructured data on the web.<br />
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">https://www.edureka.co/blog/web-scraping-with-python/ :image source</span></td></tr>
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Scaping generated structured data then stored in central database and analyze in spreadsheets. Traditional copy-and-paste, Text grapping and regular expression matching, HTTP programming, HTML parsing, DOM parsing, Webscraping software, Vertical aggregation platforms, Semantic annotation recognizing and Computer vision web-page analyzers are some of the common techniques used for <a href="https://seminarprojecttopics.blogspot.com/2021/06/data-scraping.html" target="_blank"><b>data scraping</b></a>. Previously most user uses the common copy-pest technique for gathering and analyzing data on the internet, but it is a tedious technique where lot of data copied by the user and store on computer files. </span></div>
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As compared to this technique web scraping software is easiest scraping technique. Now a days, there are lots of software are available in the market for web scraping. Our paper is focused on the overview on the information extraction technique i.e. web scraping, different techniques of web scraping and some of the recent tools used for a web scraping. </span></div>
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Keywords- Web mining, information extraction, web scraping</span></div>
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What is web scraping?</span></h3>
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If you’ve ever copy and pasted information from a website, you’ve performed the same function as any web scraper, only on a microscopic, manual scale.</span></div>
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Web scraping, also known as web data extraction, is the process of retrieving or “scraping” data from a website. Unlike the mundane, mind-numbing process of manually extracting data, web scraping uses intelligent automation to retrieve hundreds, millions, or even billions of data points from the internet’s seemingly endless frontier.</span></div>
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More than a modern convenience, the true power of web scraping lies in its ability to build and power some of the world’s most revolutionary business applications. ‘Transformative’ doesn’t even begin to describe the way some companies use web scraped data to enhance their operations, informing executive decisions all the way down to individual customer service experiences. </span></div>
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Why Web Scraping?</span></h3><span style="font-family: verdana;">
Web scraping is used to collect large information from websites. But why does someone have to collect such large data from websites? To know about this, let’s look at the applications of web scraping:<br />
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<b>Price Comparison: </b>Services such as ParseHub use web scraping to collect data from online shopping websites and use it to compare the prices of products.<br />
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<b>Email address gathering:</b> Many companies that use email as a medium for marketing, use web scraping to collect email ID and then send bulk emails.<br />
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<b>Social Media Scraping:</b> Web scraping is used to collect data from Social Media websites such as Twitter to find out what’s trending.<br />
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<b>Research and Development:</b> Web scraping is used to collect a large set of data (Statistics, General Information, Temperature, etc.) from websites, which are analyzed and used to carry out Surveys or for R&D.<br />
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<b>Job listings:</b> Details regarding job openings, interviews are collected from different websites and then listed in one place so that it is easily accessible to the user.</span></div>
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How does Web Scraping work?</span></h3><span style="font-family: verdana;">
When you run the code for web scraping, a request is sent to the URL that you have mentioned. As a response to the request, the server sends the data and allows you to read the HTML or XML page. The code then, parses the HTML or XML page, finds the data and extracts it.<br />
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To extract data using web scraping with python, you need to follow these basic steps:<br />
<br /></span><ul><li><span style="font-family: verdana;">Find the URL that you want to scrape</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: verdana;">Inspecting the Page</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: verdana;">Find the data you want to extract</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: verdana;">Write the code</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: verdana;">Run the code and extract the data</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: verdana;">Store the data in the required format </span></li>
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<div><span style="font-family: verdana;">Manual scraping</span></div><div><ul><li><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span> </span>Copy-pasting</span></li></ul></div><div><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><div><span style="font-family: verdana;">Automated Scraping</span></div><div><ul><li><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span> </span>HTML Parsing</span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span> </span>DOM Parsing</span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span> </span>Vertical Aggregation</span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span> </span>XPath</span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span> </span>Google Sheets</span></li><li><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span> </span>Text Pattern Matching</span></li></ul></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div>
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http://www.ijfrcsce.org/download/browse/Volume_4/April_18_Volume_4_Issue_4/1524638955_25-04-2018.pdf</span></div>
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https://scrapinghub.com/what-is-web-scraping<br />
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https://www.edureka.co/blog/web-scraping-with-python/</span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Web Scraping </b></span><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>PPT</b> - </span><span style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">https://www.slideshare.net/SelectoCompany/web-scraping-76200621</span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-align: left;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><br /></span></span></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4368694835821818732.post-56270331655842644452020-03-05T20:14:00.003+05:302020-05-03T00:21:41.329+05:30Edge Computing<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
The explosive growth of internet of things (IoT) devices, and the increasing computing power of these devices, have resulted in unprecedented volumes of data. And data volumes will continue to grow as 5G networks increase the number of connected mobile devices.<br />
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In the past, the promise of cloud and artificial intelligence (AI) was to automate and speed innovation by driving actionable insight from data. But the unprecedented scale and complexity of data that’s created by connected devices has outpaced network and infrastructure capabilities.<br />
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Sending all that device-generated data to a centralized data center or to the cloud causes bandwidth and latency issues. Edge computing offers a more efficient alternative: data is processed and analyzed closer to the point where it is created. Because data does not traverse over a network to a cloud or data center in order to be processed, latency is significantly reduced. Edge computing — and mobile edge computing on 5G networks — enables faster and more comprehensive data analysis, creating the opportunity for deeper insights, faster response times and improved customer experiences.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEht8G2IMYGoh-2ejjECZ9mDHVFSB4AIUVgCsONkibGXBhqZvdIXN99UGpmJ-ARkev1WepMA2UJht9x05TkwYOxOxLttroCl8zTZ70pVf9zgadmrAmD5k-3Th_vQ2ybu8BiFLH-d1NzRYyqO/s1600/Edge_computing_infrastructure+-seminar+topic.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Edge_computing_infrastructure - seminar topic" border="0" data-original-height="483" data-original-width="554" height="556" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEht8G2IMYGoh-2ejjECZ9mDHVFSB4AIUVgCsONkibGXBhqZvdIXN99UGpmJ-ARkev1WepMA2UJht9x05TkwYOxOxLttroCl8zTZ70pVf9zgadmrAmD5k-3Th_vQ2ybu8BiFLH-d1NzRYyqO/s640/Edge_computing_infrastructure+-seminar+topic.png" title="Edge_computing_infrastructure - seminar topic" width="640" /></a></div>
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Deploying Edge Data Centers</h3>
While edge computing deployments can take many forms, they generally fall into one of three categories:<br />
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1. Local devices that serve a specific purpose, such as an appliance that runs a building’s security system or a cloud storage gateway that integrates an online storage service with premise-based systems, facilitating data transfers between them.<br />
2. Small, localized data centers (1 to 10 racks) that offer significant processing and storage capabilities.<br />
3. Regional data centers with more than 10 racks that serve relatively large local user populations.<br />
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Regardless of size, each of these edge examples is important to the business, so maximizing availability is essential.<br />
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It’s critical then, that companies build edge data centers with the same attention to reliability and security as they would for a large, centralized data center. This site is intended to provide the information you need to build secure, reliable, and manageable high-performance edge data centers that can help fuel your organization’s digital transformation.<br />
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How IoT is Driving the Need for Edge Computing</h3>
The IoT involves collecting data from various sensors and devices and applying algorithms to the data to glean insights that deliver business benefits. Industries ranging from manufacturing, utility distribution, traffic management to retail, medical and even education are making use of the technology to improve customer satisfaction, reduce costs, improve security and operations, and enrich the end user experience, to name a few benefits.<br />
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A retailer, for example, may use data from IoT applications to better serve customers, by anticipating what they may want based on past purchases, offering on-the-spot discounts, and improving their own customer service groups. For industrial environments, IoT applications can be used to support preventive maintenance programs by providing the ability to detect when the performance of a machine varies from an established baseline, indicating it’s in need of maintenance.<br />
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The list of potential use cases is virtually endless, but they all have one thing in common: collecting lots of data from many sensors and smart devices and using it to drive business improvements.<br />
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Many IoT applications rely on cloud-based resources for compute power, data storage and application intelligence that yields business insights. However, it’s often not optimal to send all the data generated by sensors and devices directly to the cloud, for reasons that generally come down to bandwidth, latency and regulatory requirements.<br />
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Real life examples of edge computing</h3>
Oil rigs provide a good example of how edge computing is used in the real world. Because of their remote offshore locations, they rely on the technology to mitigate lengthy distances to data centre and poor network connections. It's also costly, inefficient and time-consuming for rigs to send real-time data to a centralised cloud. Having a localised data processing facility helps a rig to run without delay or interruption.<br />
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Similarly, autonomous vehicles, which operate with low connectivity, need real-time data analysis to navigate roads. Gateways hosted within the vehicle can aggregate data from other vehicles, traffic signals, GPS devices, proximity sensors, onboard control units and cloud applications, and can process and analyse this information locally.<br />
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What next for edge computing?</h3>
According to Gartner's Digital Business Will Push Infrastructures to the Edge report, data generated and processed by enterprises outside of a traditional data centre will increase from less than 10% in 2018 to 75% by 2022.<br />
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This is hardly surprising given the increasing popularity of the IoT both in business and consumer use. And while we may still be a way off fully-autonomous vehicles those that are on the road already, or will be shortly, still need this type of technology to operate properly.<br />
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The analyst house has also predicted in its Hype Cycle for Emerging Technologies 2019 report that additional edge technologies notably AI and analytics will come to play a key role in this technology in the coming five to 10 years.<br />
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Drawbacks of edge computing</h3>
One drawback of edge computing is that it can increase attack vectors. With the addition of more ‘smart’ devices into the mix, such as edge servers and IoT devices that have robust built-in computers, there are new opportunities for malicious actors to compromise these devices.<br />
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Another drawback with edge computing is that it requires more local hardware. For example, while an IoT camera needs a built-in computer to send its raw video data to a web server, it would require a much more sophisticated computer with more processing power in order for it to run its own motion-detection algorithms. But the dropping costs of hardware are making it cheaper to build smarter devices.<br />
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<a href="https://www.infosys.com/services/incubating-emerging-technologies/offerings/documents/edge-computing.pdf" target="_blank">Download PDF</a> - Edge Computing 1<br />
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<b><u>Sources / References:</u></b><br />
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https://www.ibm.com/in-en/cloud/what-is-edge-computing<br />
https://www.apc.com/us/en/solutions/business-solutions/edge-computing/what-is-edge-computing.jsp<br />
https://www.itpro.co.uk/cloud/31389/what-is-edge-computing<br />
https://www.cbinsights.com/research/what-is-edge-computing/<br />
https://www.cloudflare.com/learning/serverless/glossary/what-is-edge-computing/<br />
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4368694835821818732.post-73147324905167113392020-03-05T19:54:00.000+05:302020-03-05T19:54:53.735+05:30Fog Computing | Fog Networking | Fogging<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Fog computing or fog networking, also known as fogging, is an architecture that uses edge devices to carry out a substantial amount of computation, storage, and communication locally and routed over the internet backbone.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Both cloud computing and fog computing provide storage, applications, and data to end-users. However, fog computing is closer to end-users and has wider geographical distribution.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">‘Cloud computing’ is the practice of using a network of remote servers hosted on the Internet to store, manage, and process data, rather than a local server or a personal computer.Cloud computing can be a heavyweight and dense form of computing power.</span><br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigxWgkkC3_15g6Q34jXbqRxXhpKc_odj_TNx-E6o1ltZH5eoIUKAcVX6wc_nkT0jpEU8R9qD5RGv0QjB3CelllOebuR1LzYwaas5rP1fMUq0iKDlZEgeDg7ab7el7OxmXwwE2aOD7Fbr1P/s1600/fog_computing-+seminar+topic.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><img alt="Fog Computing | Fog Networking | Fogging Seminar topic" border="0" data-original-height="816" data-original-width="1020" height="512" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigxWgkkC3_15g6Q34jXbqRxXhpKc_odj_TNx-E6o1ltZH5eoIUKAcVX6wc_nkT0jpEU8R9qD5RGv0QjB3CelllOebuR1LzYwaas5rP1fMUq0iKDlZEgeDg7ab7el7OxmXwwE2aOD7Fbr1P/s640/fog_computing-+seminar+topic.png" title="Fog Computing | Fog Networking | Fogging Seminar topic" width="640" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Fog Computing | Fog Networking | Fogging Image Credit: Online Design/TechTarget</span></td></tr>
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The term 'Fog Computing' was defined by Prof. Jonathan Bar-Magen Numhauser in the year 2011 as part of his PhD dissertation project proposal. In January 2012 he presented the concept in the Third International Congress of Silenced Writings in the University of Alcala and published in an official source.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Also known as edge computing or fogging, fog computing facilitates the operation of compute, storage, and networking services between end devices and cloud computing data centers. While edge computing is typically referred to the location where services are instantiated, fog computing implies distribution of the communication, computation, storage resources, and services on or close to devices and systems in the control of end-users.Fog computing is a medium weight and intermediate level of computing power.Rather than a substitute, fog computing often serves as a complement to cloud computing.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">What is fog computing?</span></h3>
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Fog computing refers to a decentralized computing structure, where resources, including the data and applications, get placed in logical locations between the data source and the cloud; it also is known by the terms ‘fogging’ and ‘fog networking.’</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The goal of this is to bring basic analytic services to the network edge, improving performance by positioning computing resources closer to where they are needed, thereby reducing the distance that data needs to be transported on the network, improving overall network efficiency and performance. Fog computing can also be deployed for security reasons, as it has the ability to segment bandwidth traffic, and introduce additional firewalls to a network for higher security. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Fog computing has its origins as an extension of cloud computing, which is the paradigm to have the data, storage and applications on a distant server, and not hosted locally. With the cloud computing model, the client can purchase the services from a provider, which delivers not only the service, but also the maintenance and upgrades, with the plus that they can be accessed anywhere, and facilitating work by teams.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">History of fog computing</span></h3>
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">The term fog computing is associated with Cisco, who registered the name ‘Cisco Fog Computing,’ which played on cloud computing as in the clouds are up in the sky, and the fog refers to the clouds down close to the ground. In 2015, an OpenFog Consortium was created with founding members ARM, Cisco, Dell, Intel, Microsoft and Princeton University, and additional contributing members including GE, Hitachi and Foxconn. IBM introduced the closely allied, and mostly synonymous (although in some situations not exactly) term ‘edge computing.’</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">How fog computing works</span></h3>
<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">It is important to note that fog networking complements -- not replaces -- cloud computing; fogging allows for short-term analytics at the edge, and the cloud performs resource-intensive, longer-term analytics. While edge devices and sensors are where data is generated and collected, they sometimes don't have the compute and storage resources to perform advanced analytics and machine-learning tasks. Though cloud servers have the power to do these, they are often too far away to process the data and respond in a timely manner. In addition, having all endpoints connecting to and sending raw data to the cloud over the internet can have privacy, security and legal implications, especially when dealing with sensitive data subject to regulations in different countries. Popular fog computing applications include smart grid, smart city, smart buildings, vehicle networks and software-defined networks.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">Sources / References:</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fog_computing">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fog_computing</a></span><br />
<a href="https://internetofthingsagenda.techtarget.com/definition/fog-computing-fogging"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">https://internetofthingsagenda.techtarget.com/definition/fog-computing-fogging</span></a><br />
<a href="https://www.techradar.com/in/news/what-is-fog-computing"><span style="font-family: "helvetica neue" , "arial" , "helvetica" , sans-serif;">https://www.techradar.com/in/news/what-is-fog-computing</span></a></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0