3D Bioprinting - Seminar Topics
Generally, 3D bioprinting utilizes the layer-by-layer method to deposit materials known as bioinks to create tissue-like structures that are later used in medical and tissue engineering fields. Bioprinting covers a broad range of biomaterials.
Currently, bioprinting can be used to print tissues and organs to help research drugs and pills. However, emerging innovations span from bioprinting of cells or extracellular matrix deposited into a 3D gel layer by layer to produce the desired tissue or organ. In addition, 3D bioprinting has begun to incorporate the printing of scaffolds.These scaffolds can be used to regenerate joints and ligaments.
Abstract
3D bioprinting is emerging as a promising technology for fabricating complex tissue constructs with tailored biological components and mechanical properties. Recent advances have enabled scientists to precisely position materials and cells to build functional tissue models for in vitro drug screening and disease modeling.
This review presents state-of-the-art 3D bioprinting techniques and discusses the choice of cell source and biomaterials for building functional tissue models that can be used for personalized drug screening and disease modeling. In particular, we focus on 3D-bioprinted liver models, cardiac tissues, vascularized constructs, and cancer models for their promising applications in medical research, drug discovery, toxicology, and other pre-clinical studies.
Graphical abstract
Schematic diagram showing the use of 3D bioprinting to build in vitro constructs that can be used for drug testing and disease modeling.
What Is 3D Bioprinting?
Bioprinting is an additive manufacturing process where biomaterials such as cells and growth factors are combined to create tissue-like structures that imitate natural tissues.
The technology uses a material known as bioink to create these structures in a layer-by-layer manner. The technique is widely applicable to the fields of medicine and bioengineering. Recently, the technology has even made advancements in the production of cartilage tissue for use in reconstruction and regeneration.
Pre-bioprinting involves creating the digital model that the printer will produce. The technologies used are computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans.
Bioprinting is the actual printing process, where bioink is placed in a printer cartridge and deposition takes place based on the digital model.
Post-bioprinting is the mechanical and chemical stimulation of printed parts so as to create stable structures for the biological material.
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